Merge pull request #3201 from pipecat-ai/changelog-0.0.97

Release 0.0.97 - Changelog Update

.github/workflows/generate-changelog.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+name: Generate Changelog for Release
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      version:
+        description: "Release version (e.g., 0.0.97)"
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      date:
+        description: "Release date (YYYY-MM-DD format, defaults to today)"
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+  pull-requests: write
+
+jobs:
+  generate-changelog:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.12"
+
+      - name: Install uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v4
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          uv sync --group dev
+
+      - name: Set release date
+        id: set_date
+        run: |
+          if [ -z "${{ inputs.date }}" ]; then
+            RELEASE_DATE=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
+            echo "Using today's date: $RELEASE_DATE"
+          else
+            RELEASE_DATE="${{ inputs.date }}"
+            echo "Using provided date: $RELEASE_DATE"
+          fi
+          echo "release_date=$RELEASE_DATE" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - name: Validate inputs
+        run: |
+          # Validate version format (basic check)
+          if ! [[ "${{ inputs.version }}" =~ ^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+.*$ ]]; then
+            echo "Error: Version must be in format X.Y.Z (e.g., 0.0.97)"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Validate date format if provided
+          if [ -n "${{ inputs.date }}" ]; then
+            if ! date -d "${{ inputs.date }}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+              # Try macOS date format
+              if ! date -j -f "%Y-%m-%d" "${{ inputs.date }}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+                echo "Error: Date must be in YYYY-MM-DD format (e.g., 2025-12-04)"
+                exit 1
+              fi
+            fi
+          fi
+
+      - name: Check for changelog fragments
+        id: check_fragments
+        run: |
+          FRAGMENT_COUNT=$(find changelog -name "*.md" ! -name "_template.md.j2" | wc -l | tr -d ' ')
+          echo "fragment_count=$FRAGMENT_COUNT" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          if [ "$FRAGMENT_COUNT" -eq "0" ]; then
+            echo "❌ Error: No changelog fragments found in changelog/"
+            echo ""
+            echo "Cannot create a release without changelog entries."
+            echo "Add changelog fragments to the changelog/ directory (e.g., 1234.added.md) and try again."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Validate fragment types
+          VALID_TYPES="added changed deprecated removed fixed security"
+          INVALID_FRAGMENTS=""
+
+          for file in changelog/*.md; do
+            # Skip template
+            if [[ "$file" == "changelog/_template.md.j2" ]]; then
+              continue
+            fi
+            
+            # Extract type from filename (e.g., 1234.added.md -> added)
+            filename=$(basename "$file")
+            # Handle both 1234.added.md and 1234.added.2.md patterns
+            type=$(echo "$filename" | sed -E 's/^[0-9]+\.([a-z]+)(\.[0-9]+)?\.md$/\1/')
+            
+            # Check if type is valid
+            if ! echo "$VALID_TYPES" | grep -wq "$type"; then
+              INVALID_FRAGMENTS="$INVALID_FRAGMENTS\n  - $filename (type: '$type')"
+            fi
+          done
+
+          if [ -n "$INVALID_FRAGMENTS" ]; then
+            echo "❌ Error: Invalid changelog fragment types found:"
+            echo -e "$INVALID_FRAGMENTS"
+            echo ""
+            echo "Valid types are: $VALID_TYPES"
+            echo "Example: 1234.added.md, 5678.fixed.md"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          echo "✓ Found $FRAGMENT_COUNT changelog fragment(s)"
+          echo "has_fragments=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - name: Preview changelog
+        run: |
+          echo "## Preview of changelog for version ${{ inputs.version }}"
+          echo ""
+          uv run towncrier build --draft --version "${{ inputs.version }}" --date "${{ steps.set_date.outputs.release_date }}"
+
+      - name: Build changelog
+        run: |
+          uv run towncrier build --version "${{ inputs.version }}" --date "${{ steps.set_date.outputs.release_date }}" --yes
+
+      - name: Create Pull Request
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v7
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          commit-message: "Update changelog for version ${{ inputs.version }}"
+          title: "Release ${{ inputs.version }} - Changelog Update"
+          body: |
+            ## Changelog Update for Release ${{ inputs.version }}
+
+            This PR updates the CHANGELOG.md with all changes for version **${{ inputs.version }}**.
+
+            ### Summary
+            - **Version:** ${{ inputs.version }}
+            - **Date:** ${{ steps.set_date.outputs.release_date }}
+            - **Fragments processed:** ${{ steps.check_fragments.outputs.fragment_count }}
+
+            ### What this PR does
+            - ✅ Adds new release section to CHANGELOG.md
+            - ✅ Removes processed changelog fragments
+            - ✅ Ready to merge for release
+
+            ### Next Steps
+            1. Review the changelog entries below
+            2. Make any necessary edits to CHANGELOG.md if needed
+            3. Merge this PR
+            4. Continue with your release process
+
+            ---
+
+            <details>
+            <summary>📋 Preview of changes</summary>
+
+            The changelog has been updated with entries from the following fragments:
+
+            ```bash
+            ${{ steps.check_fragments.outputs.fragment_count }} fragments processed
+            ```
+
+            </details>
+          branch: changelog-${{ inputs.version }}
+          delete-branch: true
+          labels: |
+            changelog
+            release

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,10 +5,145 @@ All notable changes to **Pipecat** will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
-## [Unreleased]
+<!-- towncrier release notes start -->
+
+## [0.0.97] - 2025-12-05
 
 ### Added
 
+- Added new Gradium services, `GradiumSTTService` and `GradiumTTSService`, for
+  speech-to-text and text-to-speech functionality using Gradium's API.
+
+- Additions for `AsyncAITTSService` and `AsyncAIHttpTTSService`:
+
+  - Added new `languages`: `pt`, `nl`, `ar`, `ru`, `ro`, `ja`, `he`, `hy`,
+    `tr`, `hi`, `zh`.
+  - Updated the default model to `asyncflow_multilingual_v1.0` for improved
+    accuracy and broader language coverage.
+
+- Added optional tool and tool output filters for MCP services.
+
+### Changed
+
+- Updated Deepgram logging to include Deepgram request IDs for improved
+  debugging.
+
+- Text Aggregation Improvements:
+
+  - **Breaking Change**: `BaseTextAggregator.aggregate()` now returns
+    `AsyncIterator[Aggregation]` instead of `Optional[Aggregation]`. This
+    enables the aggregator to return multiple results based on the provided
+    text.
+  - Refactored text aggregators to use inheritance: `SkipTagsAggregator` and
+    `PatternPairAggregator` now inherit from `SimpleTextAggregator`, reusing
+    the base class's sentence detection logic.
+
+- Improved interruption handling to prevent bots from repeating themselves. LLM
+  services that return multiple sentences in a single response (e.g.,
+  `GoogleLLMService`) are now split into individual sentences before being sent
+  to TTS. This ensures interruptions occur at sentence boundaries, preventing
+  the bot from repeating content after being interrupted during long responses.
+
+- Updated `AICFilter` to use Quail STT as the default model
+  (`AICModelType.QUAIL_STT`). Quail STT is optimized for human-to-machine
+  interaction (e.g., voice agents, speech-to-text) and operates at a native
+  sample rate of 16 kHz with fixed enhancement parameters.
+
+- If an unexpected exception is caught, or if `FrameProcessor.push_error()` is
+  called with an exception, the file name and line number where the exception
+  occured are now logged.
+
+- Updated Smart Turn model weights to v3.1.
+
+- Smart Turn analyzer now uses the full context of the turn rather than just
+  the audio since VAD last triggered.
+
+- Updated `CartesiaSTTService` to return the full transcription `result` in the
+  `TranscriptionFrame` and `InterimTranscriptionFrame`. This provides access to
+  word timestamp data.
+
+- `HumeTTSService` changes:
+
+  - Added tracking headers (`X-Hume-Client-Name` and `X-Hume-Client-Version`)
+    to all requests made by `HumeTTSService` to the Hume API for better usage
+    tracking and analytics.
+  - Added `stop()` and `cancel()` cleanup methods to `HumeTTSService` to
+    properly close the HTTP client and prevent resource leaks.
+
+### Deprecated
+
+- NVIDIA Services name changes (all functionality is unchanged):
+
+  - `NimLLMService` is now deprecated, use `NvidiaLLMService` instead.
+  - `RivaSTTService` is now deprecated, use `NvidiaSTTService` instead.
+  - `RivaTTSService` is now deprecated, use `NvidiaTTSService` instead.
+  - Use `uv pip install pipecat-ai[nvidia]` instead of
+    `uv pip install pipecat-ai[riva]`
+
+- The `noise_gate_enable` parameter in `AICFilter` is deprecated and no longer
+  has any effect. Noise gating is now handled automatically by the AIC VAD
+  system. Use `AICFilter.create_vad_analyzer()` for VAD functionality instead.
+
+- Package `pipecat.sync` is deprecated, use `pipecat.utils.sync` instead.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Fixed bug in `PatternPairAggregator` where pattern handlers could be called
+  multiple times for `KEEP` or `AGGREGATE` patterns.
+
+- Fixed sentence aggregation to correctly handle ambiguous punctuation in
+  streaming text, such as currency ("$29.95") and abbreviations ("Mr. Smith").
+
+- Fixed an issue in `AWSTranscribeSTTService` where the `region` arg was always
+  set to `us-east-1` when providing an AWS_REGION env var.
+
+- Fixed an issue in `SarvamTTSService` where the last sentence was not being
+  spoken. Now, audio is flushed when the TTS services receives the
+  `LLMFullResponseEndFrame` or `EndFrame`.
+
+- Fixed an issue in `DeepgramTTSService` where a `TTSStoppedFrame` was
+  incorrectly pushed after a functional call. This caused an issue with the
+  voice-ui-kit's conversational panel rending of the LLM output after a
+  function call.
+
+- Fixed an issue where `LLMTextFrame.skip_tts` was being overwritten by LLM
+  services.
+
+- Fixed an issue that caused `WebsocketService` instances to attempt
+  reconnection during shutdown.
+
+- Fixed an issue in `ElevenLabsTTSService` where character usage metrics were
+  only reported on the first TTS generation per turn.
+
+## [0.0.96] - 2025-11-26 🦃 "Happy Thanksgiving!" 🦃
+
+### Added
+
+- Added `AWSBedrockAgentCoreProcessor` to support invoking an AgentCore-hosted
+  agent in a Pipecat pipeline.
+
+- Enhanced error handling across the framework:
+
+  - Added `on_error` callback to `FrameProcessor` for centralized error
+    handling.
+
+  - Renamed `push_error(error: ErrorFrame)` to `push_error_frame(error: ErrorFrame)`
+    for clarity.
+
+  - Added new `push_error` method for simplified error reporting:
+
+    ```python
+    async def push_error(error_msg: str,
+                         exception: Optional[Exception] = None,
+                         fatal: bool = False)
+    ```
+
+  - Standardized error logging by replacing `logger.exception` calls with
+    `logger.error` throughout the codebase.
+
+- Added `cache_read_input_tokens`, `cache_creation_input_tokens` and
+  `reasoning_tokens` to OTel spans for LLM call
+
 - Added `LiveKitRESTHelper` utility class for managing LiveKit rooms via REST API.
 
 - Added `DeepgramSageMakerSTTService` which connects to a SageMaker hosted
@@ -88,8 +223,18 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
   - Added new emotions: calm and fluent
 
+- Added `enable_logging` to `SimliVideoService` input parameters. It's disabled
+  by default.
+
 ### Changed
 
+- Updated `FishAudioTTSService` default model to `s1`.
+
+- Updated `DeepgramTTSService` to use Deepgram's TTS websocket API. ⚠️ This is
+  a potential breaking change, which only affects you if you're self-hosting
+  `DeepgramTTSService`. The new service uses Websockets and improves TTFB
+  latency.
+
 - Updated `daily-python` to 0.22.0.
 
 - `BaseTextAggregator` changes:
@@ -247,6 +392,11 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ### Fixed
 
+- Fixed an issue in `AWSBedrockLLMService` where the `aws_region` arg was
+  always set to `us-east-1` when providing an AWS_REGION env var.
+
+- Fixed an issue with `DeepgramFluxSTTService` where it sometimes failed to reconnect.
+
 - Fixed an issue in `ElevenLabsRealtimeSTTService` where dynamic language
   updates were not working.
 

COMMUNITY_INTEGRATIONS.md

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ Once your PR is submitted, post in the `#community-integrations` Discord channel
 
 **Examples:**
 
-- [RivaSTTService](https://github.com/pipecat-ai/pipecat/blob/main/src/pipecat/services/riva/stt.py)
+- [NvidiaSTTService](https://github.com/pipecat-ai/pipecat/blob/main/src/pipecat/services/nvidia/stt.py)
 - [FalSTTService](https://github.com/pipecat-ai/pipecat/blob/main/src/pipecat/services/fal/stt.py)
 
 #### Key requirements:

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -17,24 +17,121 @@ We welcome contributions of all kinds! Your help is appreciated. Follow these st
    git checkout -b your-branch-name
    ```
 4. **Make your changes**: Edit or add files as necessary.
-5. **Test your changes**: Ensure that your changes look correct and follow the style set in the codebase.
-6. **Commit your changes**: Once you're satisfied with your changes, commit them with a meaningful message.
+5. **Add a changelog entry**: Create a changelog fragment file (see [Changelog Entries](#changelog-entries) below).
+6. **Test your changes**: Ensure that your changes look correct and follow the style set in the codebase.
+7. **Commit your changes**: Once you're satisfied with your changes, commit them with a meaningful message.
 
 ```bash
 git commit -m "Description of your changes"
 ```
 
-7. **Push your changes**: Push your branch to your forked repository.
+8. **Push your changes**: Push your branch to your forked repository.
 
 ```bash
 git push origin your-branch-name
 ```
 
-8. **Submit a Pull Request (PR)**: Open a PR from your forked repository to the main branch of this repo.
+9. **Submit a Pull Request (PR)**: Open a PR from your forked repository to the main branch of this repo.
    > Important: Describe the changes you've made clearly!
 
 Our maintainers will review your PR, and once everything is good, your contributions will be merged!
 
+## Changelog Entries
+
+Every pull request that makes a user-facing change should include a changelog entry. We use a changelog fragment system to avoid merge conflicts.
+
+### Creating a Changelog Fragment
+
+1. Create a new file in the `changelog/` directory with this naming pattern:
+
+   ```
+   <PR_number>.<type>.md
+   ```
+
+2. Choose the appropriate type:
+
+   - `added.md` - New features
+   - `changed.md` - Changes in existing functionality
+   - `deprecated.md` - Soon-to-be removed features
+   - `removed.md` - Removed features
+   - `fixed.md` - Bug fixes
+   - `security.md` - Security fixes
+
+3. Write your changelog entry as a Markdown bullet point. Include the `-` at the start:
+
+**Example files:**
+
+`changelog/1234.added.md`:
+
+```markdown
+- Added support for Anthropic Claude 3.5 Sonnet with improved streaming performance.
+```
+
+`changelog/5678.fixed.md`:
+
+```markdown
+- Fixed an issue where audio frames were dropped during high-load scenarios.
+```
+
+**For entries with nested bullets:**
+
+`changelog/1234.changed.md`:
+
+```markdown
+- Updated service configuration:
+
+  - Changed default timeout to 30 seconds
+  - Added retry logic for failed connections
+```
+
+### Multiple Changes in One PR
+
+**Different types of changes:** Create separate fragment files for each type:
+
+```
+changelog/1234.added.md
+changelog/1234.fixed.md
+```
+
+**Multiple changes of the same type:** Create numbered fragment files:
+
+```
+changelog/1234.changed.md
+changelog/1234.changed.2.md
+```
+
+**Related changes:** Use nested bullets in a single fragment:
+
+```markdown
+- Updated service configuration:
+
+  - Changed default timeout to 30 seconds
+  - Added retry logic for failed connections
+```
+
+**Rule of thumb:** One logical change per fragment file. If changes are unrelated, use separate files.
+
+### Preview Your Changes
+
+To see what your changelog entry will look like:
+
+```bash
+towncrier build --draft --version Unreleased
+```
+
+This won't modify any files, just show you a preview.
+
+### When to Skip Changelog Entries
+
+You can skip adding a changelog entry for:
+
+- Documentation-only changes
+- Internal refactoring with no user-facing impact
+- Test-only changes
+- CI/build configuration changes
+
+If you're unsure whether your change needs a changelog entry, ask in your PR!
+
 ## Dependency Management
 
 This project uses [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/) for dependency management. The `uv.lock` file is committed to ensure reproducible builds.

README.md

@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ Catch new features, interviews, and how-tos on our [Pipecat TV](https://www.yout
 
 | Category            | Services                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
 | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| Speech-to-Text      | [AssemblyAI](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/assemblyai), [AWS](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/aws), [Azure](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/azure), [Cartesia](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/cartesia), [Deepgram](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/deepgram), [ElevenLabs](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/elevenlabs), [Fal Wizper](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/fal), [Gladia](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/gladia), [Google](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/google), [Groq (Whisper)](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/groq), [NVIDIA Riva](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/riva), [OpenAI (Whisper)](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/openai), [SambaNova (Whisper)](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/sambanova), [Sarvam](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/sarvam), [Soniox](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/soniox), [Speechmatics](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/speechmatics), [Ultravox](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/ultravox), [Whisper](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/whisper)                                                                                                                                                                                          |
+| Speech-to-Text      | [AssemblyAI](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/assemblyai), [AWS](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/aws), [Azure](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/azure), [Cartesia](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/cartesia), [Deepgram](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/deepgram), [ElevenLabs](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/elevenlabs), [Fal Wizper](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/fal), [Gladia](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/gladia), [Google](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/google), [Gradium](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/gradium), [Groq (Whisper)](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/groq), [NVIDIA Riva](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/riva), [OpenAI (Whisper)](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/openai), [SambaNova (Whisper)](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/sambanova), [Sarvam](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/sarvam), [Soniox](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/soniox), [Speechmatics](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/speechmatics), [Ultravox](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/ultravox), [Whisper](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/stt/whisper)                                                                                                                                                                                          |
 | LLMs                | [Anthropic](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/anthropic), [AWS](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/aws), [Azure](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/azure), [Cerebras](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/cerebras), [DeepSeek](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/deepseek), [Fireworks AI](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/fireworks), [Gemini](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/gemini), [Grok](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/grok), [Groq](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/groq), [Mistral](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/mistral), [NVIDIA NIM](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/nim), [Ollama](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/ollama), [OpenAI](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/openai), [OpenRouter](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/openrouter), [Perplexity](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/perplexity), [Qwen](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/qwen), [SambaNova](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/sambanova) [Together AI](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/llm/together)                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
-| Text-to-Speech      | [Async](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/asyncai), [AWS](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/aws), [Azure](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/azure), [Cartesia](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/cartesia), [Deepgram](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/deepgram), [ElevenLabs](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/elevenlabs), [Fish](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/fish), [Google](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/google), [Groq](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/groq), [Hume](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/hume), [Inworld](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/inworld), [LMNT](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/lmnt), [MiniMax](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/minimax), [Neuphonic](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/neuphonic), [NVIDIA Riva](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/riva), [OpenAI](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/openai), [Piper](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/piper), [PlayHT](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/playht), [Rime](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/rime), [Sarvam](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/sarvam), [Speechmatics](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/speechmatics), [XTTS](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/xtts) |
+| Text-to-Speech      | [Async](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/asyncai), [AWS](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/aws), [Azure](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/azure), [Cartesia](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/cartesia), [Deepgram](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/deepgram), [ElevenLabs](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/elevenlabs), [Fish](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/fish), [Google](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/google), [Gradium](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/gradium), [Groq](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/groq), [Hume](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/hume), [Inworld](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/inworld), [LMNT](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/lmnt), [MiniMax](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/minimax), [Neuphonic](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/neuphonic), [NVIDIA Riva](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/riva), [OpenAI](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/openai), [Piper](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/piper), [PlayHT](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/playht), [Rime](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/rime), [Sarvam](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/sarvam), [Speechmatics](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/speechmatics), [XTTS](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/tts/xtts) |
 | Speech-to-Speech    | [AWS Nova Sonic](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/s2s/aws), [Gemini Multimodal Live](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/s2s/gemini), [OpenAI Realtime](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/s2s/openai)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
 | Transport           | [Daily (WebRTC)](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/transport/daily), [FastAPI Websocket](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/transport/fastapi-websocket), [SmallWebRTCTransport](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/transport/small-webrtc), [WebSocket Server](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/services/transport/websocket-server), Local                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
 | Serializers         | [Plivo](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/utilities/serializers/plivo), [Twilio](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/utilities/serializers/twilio), [Telnyx](https://docs.pipecat.ai/server/utilities/serializers/telnyx)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |

changelog/_template.md.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{% for section, _ in sections.items() %}
+{% if sections[section] %}
+{% for category, val in definitions.items() if category in sections[section]%}
+### {{ definitions[category]['name'] }}
+
+{% for text, values in sections[section][category].items() %}
+{{ text }}
+
+{% endfor %}
+{% endfor %}
+{% else %}
+No significant changes.
+
+{% endif %}
+{% endfor %}
+

docs/api/conf.py

@@ -119,7 +119,6 @@ def import_core_modules():
         "pipecat.observers",
         "pipecat.runner",
         "pipecat.serializers",
-        "pipecat.sync",
         "pipecat.transcriptions",
         "pipecat.utils",
     ]

docs/api/index.rst

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ Quick Links
    Runner <api/pipecat.runner>
    Serializers <api/pipecat.serializers>
    Services <api/pipecat.services>
-   Sync <api/pipecat.sync>
    Transcriptions <api/pipecat.transcriptions>
    Transports <api/pipecat.transports>
-   Utils <api/pipecat.utils>
+   Utils <api/pipecat.utils>

env.example

@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@ GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT_ID=...
 GOOGLE_CLOUD_LOCATION=...
 GOOGLE_TEST_CREDENTIALS=...
 
+# Gradium
+GRAPDIUM_API_KEY=...
+
 # Grok
 GROK_API_KEY=...
 
@@ -191,4 +194,4 @@ TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN=...
 WHATSAPP_TOKEN=...
 WHATSAPP_WEBHOOK_VERIFICATION_TOKEN=...
 WHATSAPP_PHONE_NUMBER_ID=...
-WHATSAPP_APP_SECRET=...
+WHATSAPP_APP_SECRET=...

examples/foundational/01c-nvidia-riva-tts.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from pipecat.pipeline.runner import PipelineRunner
 from pipecat.pipeline.task import PipelineTask
 from pipecat.runner.types import RunnerArguments
 from pipecat.runner.utils import create_transport
-from pipecat.services.riva.tts import FastPitchTTSService
+from pipecat.services.nvidia.tts import NvidiaTTSService
 from pipecat.transports.base_transport import BaseTransport, TransportParams
 from pipecat.transports.daily.transport import DailyParams
 from pipecat.transports.websocket.fastapi import FastAPIWebsocketParams
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ transport_params = {
 async def run_bot(transport: BaseTransport, runner_args: RunnerArguments):
     logger.info(f"Starting bot")
 
-    tts = FastPitchTTSService(api_key=os.getenv("NVIDIA_API_KEY"))
+    tts = NvidiaTTSService(api_key=os.getenv("NVIDIA_API_KEY"))
 
     task = PipelineTask(
         Pipeline([tts, transport.output()]),

examples/foundational/07af-interruptible-gradium.py

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2024–2025, Daily
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD 2-Clause License
+#
+
+import os
+
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+from loguru import logger
+
+from pipecat.audio.turn.smart_turn.base_smart_turn import SmartTurnParams
+from pipecat.audio.turn.smart_turn.local_smart_turn_v3 import LocalSmartTurnAnalyzerV3
+from pipecat.audio.vad.silero import SileroVADAnalyzer
+from pipecat.audio.vad.vad_analyzer import VADParams
+from pipecat.frames.frames import LLMRunFrame
+from pipecat.pipeline.pipeline import Pipeline
+from pipecat.pipeline.runner import PipelineRunner
+from pipecat.pipeline.task import PipelineParams, PipelineTask
+from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_context import LLMContext
+from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_response_universal import LLMContextAggregatorPair
+from pipecat.runner.types import RunnerArguments
+from pipecat.runner.utils import create_transport
+from pipecat.services.gradium.stt import GradiumSTTService
+from pipecat.services.gradium.tts import GradiumTTSService
+from pipecat.services.openai.llm import OpenAILLMService
+from pipecat.transports.base_transport import BaseTransport, TransportParams
+from pipecat.transports.daily.transport import DailyParams
+from pipecat.transports.websocket.fastapi import FastAPIWebsocketParams
+
+load_dotenv(override=True)
+
+# We store functions so objects (e.g. SileroVADAnalyzer) don't get
+# instantiated. The function will be called when the desired transport gets
+# selected.
+transport_params = {
+    "daily": lambda: DailyParams(
+        audio_in_enabled=True,
+        audio_out_enabled=True,
+        vad_analyzer=SileroVADAnalyzer(params=VADParams(stop_secs=0.2)),
+        turn_analyzer=LocalSmartTurnAnalyzerV3(params=SmartTurnParams()),
+    ),
+    "twilio": lambda: FastAPIWebsocketParams(
+        audio_in_enabled=True,
+        audio_out_enabled=True,
+        vad_analyzer=SileroVADAnalyzer(params=VADParams(stop_secs=0.2)),
+        turn_analyzer=LocalSmartTurnAnalyzerV3(params=SmartTurnParams()),
+    ),
+    "webrtc": lambda: TransportParams(
+        audio_in_enabled=True,
+        audio_out_enabled=True,
+        vad_analyzer=SileroVADAnalyzer(params=VADParams(stop_secs=0.2)),
+        turn_analyzer=LocalSmartTurnAnalyzerV3(params=SmartTurnParams()),
+    ),
+}
+
+
+async def run_bot(transport: BaseTransport, runner_args: RunnerArguments):
+    logger.info(f"Starting bot")
+
+    stt = GradiumSTTService(api_key=os.getenv("GRADIUM_API_KEY"))
+
+    tts = GradiumTTSService(
+        api_key=os.getenv("GRADIUM_API_KEY"),
+        voice_id="YTpq7expH9539ERJ",
+    )
+
+    llm = OpenAILLMService(api_key=os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"))
+
+    messages = [
+        {
+            "role": "system",
+            "content": "You are a helpful LLM in a WebRTC call. Your goal is to demonstrate your capabilities in a succinct way. Your output will be spoken aloud, so avoid special characters that can't easily be spoken, such as emojis or bullet points. Respond to what the user said in a creative and helpful way.",
+        },
+    ]
+
+    context = LLMContext(messages)
+    context_aggregator = LLMContextAggregatorPair(context)
+
+    pipeline = Pipeline(
+        [
+            transport.input(),  # Transport user input
+            stt,
+            context_aggregator.user(),  # User responses
+            llm,  # LLM
+            tts,  # TTS
+            transport.output(),  # Transport bot output
+            context_aggregator.assistant(),  # Assistant spoken responses
+        ]
+    )
+
+    task = PipelineTask(
+        pipeline,
+        params=PipelineParams(
+            enable_metrics=True,
+            enable_usage_metrics=True,
+        ),
+        idle_timeout_secs=runner_args.pipeline_idle_timeout_secs,
+    )
+
+    @transport.event_handler("on_client_connected")
+    async def on_client_connected(transport, client):
+        logger.info(f"Client connected")
+        # Kick off the conversation.
+        messages.append({"role": "system", "content": "Please introduce yourself to the user."})
+        await task.queue_frames([LLMRunFrame()])
+
+    @transport.event_handler("on_client_disconnected")
+    async def on_client_disconnected(transport, client):
+        logger.info(f"Client disconnected")
+        await task.cancel()
+
+    runner = PipelineRunner(handle_sigint=runner_args.handle_sigint)
+
+    await runner.run(task)
+
+
+async def bot(runner_args: RunnerArguments):
+    """Main bot entry point compatible with Pipecat Cloud."""
+    transport = await create_transport(runner_args, transport_params)
+    await run_bot(transport, runner_args)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from pipecat.runner.run import main
+
+    main()

examples/foundational/07r-interruptible-nvidia.py

@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_context import LLMContext
 from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_response_universal import LLMContextAggregatorPair
 from pipecat.runner.types import RunnerArguments
 from pipecat.runner.utils import create_transport
-from pipecat.services.nim.llm import NimLLMService
-from pipecat.services.riva.stt import RivaSTTService
-from pipecat.services.riva.tts import RivaTTSService
+from pipecat.services.nvidia.llm import NvidiaLLMService
+from pipecat.services.nvidia.stt import NvidiaSTTService
+from pipecat.services.nvidia.tts import NvidiaTTSService
 from pipecat.transports.base_transport import BaseTransport, TransportParams
 from pipecat.transports.daily.transport import DailyParams
 from pipecat.transports.websocket.fastapi import FastAPIWebsocketParams
@@ -59,11 +59,13 @@ transport_params = {
 async def run_bot(transport: BaseTransport, runner_args: RunnerArguments):
     logger.info(f"Starting bot")
 
-    stt = RivaSTTService(api_key=os.getenv("NVIDIA_API_KEY"))
+    stt = NvidiaSTTService(api_key=os.getenv("NVIDIA_API_KEY"))
 
-    llm = NimLLMService(api_key=os.getenv("NVIDIA_API_KEY"), model="meta/llama-3.1-405b-instruct")
+    llm = NvidiaLLMService(
+        api_key=os.getenv("NVIDIA_API_KEY"), model="meta/llama-3.1-405b-instruct"
+    )
 
-    tts = RivaTTSService(api_key=os.getenv("NVIDIA_API_KEY"))
+    tts = NvidiaTTSService(api_key=os.getenv("NVIDIA_API_KEY"))
 
     messages = [
         {

examples/foundational/14i-function-calling-fireworks.py

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ async def run_bot(transport: BaseTransport, runner_args: RunnerArguments):
 
     llm = FireworksLLMService(
         api_key=os.getenv("FIREWORKS_API_KEY"),
-        model="accounts/fireworks/models/llama-v3p1-405b-instruct",
+        model="accounts/fireworks/models/gpt-oss-20b",
     )
     # You can also register a function_name of None to get all functions
     # sent to the same callback with an additional function_name parameter.

examples/foundational/14j-function-calling-nvidia.py

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ from pipecat.runner.utils import create_transport
 from pipecat.services.cartesia.tts import CartesiaTTSService
 from pipecat.services.deepgram.stt import DeepgramSTTService
 from pipecat.services.llm_service import FunctionCallParams
-from pipecat.services.nim.llm import NimLLMService
+from pipecat.services.nvidia.llm import NvidiaLLMService
 from pipecat.transports.base_transport import BaseTransport, TransportParams
 from pipecat.transports.daily.transport import DailyParams
 from pipecat.transports.websocket.fastapi import FastAPIWebsocketParams
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@ async def run_bot(transport: BaseTransport, runner_args: RunnerArguments):
         # text_filters=[MarkdownTextFilter()],
     )
 
-    llm = NimLLMService(
+    llm = NvidiaLLMService(
         api_key=os.getenv("NVIDIA_API_KEY"),
         model="nvidia/llama-3.3-nemotron-super-49b-v1.5",
         # Recommended when turning thinking off
-        params=NimLLMService.InputParams(temperature=0.0),
+        params=NvidiaLLMService.InputParams(temperature=0.0),
     )
     # You can also register a function_name of None to get all functions
     # sent to the same callback with an additional function_name parameter.

examples/foundational/19-openai-realtime.py

@@ -14,20 +14,13 @@ from loguru import logger
 
 from pipecat.adapters.schemas.function_schema import FunctionSchema
 from pipecat.adapters.schemas.tools_schema import ToolsSchema
-from pipecat.adapters.services.open_ai_realtime_adapter import OpenAIRealtimeLLMAdapter
 from pipecat.audio.vad.silero import SileroVADAnalyzer
-from pipecat.frames.frames import (
-    LLMRunFrame,
-    LLMSetToolsFrame,
-    LLMUpdateSettingsFrame,
-    TranscriptionMessage,
-)
+from pipecat.frames.frames import LLMRunFrame, LLMSetToolsFrame, TranscriptionMessage
 from pipecat.observers.loggers.transcription_log_observer import TranscriptionLogObserver
 from pipecat.pipeline.pipeline import Pipeline
 from pipecat.pipeline.runner import PipelineRunner
 from pipecat.pipeline.task import PipelineParams, PipelineTask
 from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_context import LLMContext
-from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_response import LLMAssistantAggregatorParams
 from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_response_universal import LLMContextAggregatorPair
 from pipecat.processors.transcript_processor import TranscriptProcessor
 from pipecat.runner.types import RunnerArguments

examples/foundational/19a-azure-realtime.py

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ from pipecat.pipeline.pipeline import Pipeline
 from pipecat.pipeline.runner import PipelineRunner
 from pipecat.pipeline.task import PipelineParams, PipelineTask
 from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_context import LLMContext
-from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_response import LLMAssistantAggregatorParams
 from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_response_universal import LLMContextAggregatorPair
 from pipecat.runner.types import RunnerArguments
 from pipecat.runner.utils import create_transport

examples/foundational/22-natural-conversation.py

@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ from pipecat.services.cartesia.tts import CartesiaTTSService
 from pipecat.services.deepgram.stt import DeepgramSTTService
 from pipecat.services.llm_service import LLMService
 from pipecat.services.openai.llm import OpenAIContextAggregatorPair, OpenAILLMService
-from pipecat.sync.event_notifier import EventNotifier
 from pipecat.transports.base_transport import BaseTransport, TransportParams
 from pipecat.transports.daily.transport import DailyParams
 from pipecat.transports.websocket.fastapi import FastAPIWebsocketParams
+from pipecat.utils.sync.event_notifier import EventNotifier
 
 load_dotenv(override=True)
 

examples/foundational/22b-natural-conversation-proposal.py

@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ from pipecat.services.cartesia.tts import CartesiaTTSService
 from pipecat.services.deepgram.stt import DeepgramSTTService
 from pipecat.services.llm_service import FunctionCallParams, LLMService
 from pipecat.services.openai.llm import OpenAILLMService
-from pipecat.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
-from pipecat.sync.event_notifier import EventNotifier
 from pipecat.transports.base_transport import BaseTransport, TransportParams
 from pipecat.transports.daily.transport import DailyParams
 from pipecat.transports.websocket.fastapi import FastAPIWebsocketParams
+from pipecat.utils.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
+from pipecat.utils.sync.event_notifier import EventNotifier
 from pipecat.utils.time import time_now_iso8601
 
 load_dotenv(override=True)

examples/foundational/22c-natural-conversation-mixed-llms.py

@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ from pipecat.services.cartesia.tts import CartesiaTTSService
 from pipecat.services.deepgram.stt import DeepgramSTTService
 from pipecat.services.llm_service import FunctionCallParams, LLMService
 from pipecat.services.openai.llm import OpenAILLMService
-from pipecat.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
-from pipecat.sync.event_notifier import EventNotifier
 from pipecat.transports.base_transport import BaseTransport, TransportParams
 from pipecat.transports.daily.transport import DailyParams
 from pipecat.transports.websocket.fastapi import FastAPIWebsocketParams
+from pipecat.utils.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
+from pipecat.utils.sync.event_notifier import EventNotifier
 from pipecat.utils.time import time_now_iso8601
 
 load_dotenv(override=True)

examples/foundational/22d-natural-conversation-gemini-audio.py

@@ -47,11 +47,11 @@ from pipecat.runner.utils import create_transport
 from pipecat.services.cartesia.tts import CartesiaTTSService
 from pipecat.services.google.llm import GoogleLLMService
 from pipecat.services.llm_service import LLMService
-from pipecat.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
-from pipecat.sync.event_notifier import EventNotifier
 from pipecat.transports.base_transport import BaseTransport, TransportParams
 from pipecat.transports.daily.transport import DailyParams
 from pipecat.transports.websocket.fastapi import FastAPIWebsocketParams
+from pipecat.utils.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
+from pipecat.utils.sync.event_notifier import EventNotifier
 from pipecat.utils.time import time_now_iso8601
 
 load_dotenv(override=True)

examples/foundational/39-mcp-stdio.py

@@ -64,11 +64,14 @@ class UrlToImageProcessor(FrameProcessor):
             await self.push_frame(frame, direction)
 
     def extract_url(self, text: str):
-        data = json.loads(text)
-        if "artObject" in data:
-            return data["artObject"]["webImage"]["url"]
-        if "artworks" in data and len(data["artworks"]):
-            return data["artworks"][0]["webImage"]["url"]
+        try:
+            data = json.loads(text)
+            if "artObject" in data:
+                return data["artObject"]["webImage"]["url"]
+            if "artworks" in data and len(data["artworks"]):
+                return data["artworks"][0]["webImage"]["url"]
+        except:
+            pass
 
         return None
 
@@ -88,6 +91,23 @@ class UrlToImageProcessor(FrameProcessor):
             logger.error(error_msg)
 
 
+# full list of tools available from rijksmuseum MCP:
+# - get_artwork_details
+# - get_artwork_image
+# - get_user_sets
+# - get_user_set_details
+# - open_image_in_browser
+# - get_artist_timeline
+
+mcp_tools_filter = ["get_artwork_details", "get_artwork_image", "open_image_in_browser"]
+
+
+def open_image_output_filter(output: str):
+    pattern = r"Successfully opened image in browser: "
+    text_to_print = re.sub(pattern, "", output)
+    print(f"🖼️ link to high resolution artwork: {text_to_print}")
+
+
 # We store functions so objects (e.g. SileroVADAnalyzer) don't get
 # instantiated. The function will be called when the desired transport gets
 # selected.
@@ -136,7 +156,10 @@ async def run_bot(transport: BaseTransport, runner_args: RunnerArguments):
                     # https://github.com/r-huijts/rijksmuseum-mcp
                     args=["-y", "mcp-server-rijksmuseum"],
                     env={"RIJKSMUSEUM_API_KEY": os.getenv("RIJKSMUSEUM_API_KEY")},
-                )
+                ),
+                # Optional
+                tools_filter=mcp_tools_filter,  # Optional
+                tools_output_filters={"open_image_in_browser": open_image_output_filter},
             )
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(f"error setting up mcp")

examples/foundational/39c-multiple-mcp.py

@@ -67,13 +67,14 @@ class UrlToImageProcessor(FrameProcessor):
             await self.push_frame(frame, direction)
 
     def extract_url(self, text: str):
-        data = json.loads(text)
-        if "artObject" in data:
-            return data["artObject"]["webImage"]["url"]
-        if "artworks" in data and len(data["artworks"]):
-            return data["artworks"][0]["webImage"]["url"]
-
-        return None
+        try:
+            data = json.loads(text)
+            if "artObject" in data:
+                return data["artObject"]["webImage"]["url"]
+            if "artworks" in data and len(data["artworks"]):
+                return data["artworks"][0]["webImage"]["url"]
+        except:
+            pass
 
     async def run_image_process(self, image_url: str):
         try:

pyproject.toml

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Source = "https://github.com/pipecat-ai/pipecat"
 Website = "https://pipecat.ai"
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]
-aic = [ "aic-sdk~=1.1.0" ]
+aic = [ "aic-sdk~=1.2.0" ]
 anthropic = [ "anthropic~=0.49.0" ]
 assemblyai = [ "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
 asyncai = [ "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ azure = [ "azure-cognitiveservices-speech~=1.42.0"]
 cartesia = [ "cartesia~=2.0.3", "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
 cerebras = []
 daily = [ "daily-python~=0.22.0" ]
-deepgram = [ "deepgram-sdk~=4.7.0" ]
+deepgram = [ "deepgram-sdk~=4.7.0", "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
 deepseek = []
 elevenlabs = [ "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
 fal = [ "fal-client~=0.5.9" ]
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ fireworks = []
 fish = [ "ormsgpack~=1.7.0", "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
 gladia = [ "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
 google = [ "google-cloud-speech>=2.33.0,<3", "google-cloud-texttospeech>=2.31.0,<3", "google-genai>=1.41.0,<2", "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
+gradium = [ "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
 grok = []
 groq = [ "groq~=0.23.0" ]
 gstreamer = [ "pygobject~=3.50.0" ]
@@ -83,8 +84,8 @@ mistral = []
 mlx-whisper = [ "mlx-whisper~=0.4.2" ]
 moondream = [ "accelerate~=1.10.0", "einops~=0.8.0", "pyvips[binary]~=3.0.0", "timm~=1.0.13", "transformers>=4.48.0" ]
 neuphonic = [ "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
-nim = []
 noisereduce = [ "noisereduce~=3.0.3" ]
+nvidia = [ "nvidia-riva-client~=2.21.1" ]
 openai = [ "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
 openpipe = [ "openpipe>=4.50.0,<6" ]
 openrouter = []
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ playht = [ "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
 qwen = []
 remote-smart-turn = []
 rime = [ "pipecat-ai[websockets-base]" ]
-riva = [ "nvidia-riva-client~=2.21.1" ]
+riva = [ "pipecat-ai[nvidia]" ]
 runner = [ "python-dotenv>=1.0.0,<2.0.0", "uvicorn>=0.32.0,<1.0.0", "fastapi>=0.115.6,<0.122.0", "pipecat-ai-small-webrtc-prebuilt>=1.0.0"]
 sagemaker = ["aws_sdk_sagemaker_runtime_http2; python_version>='3.12'"]
 sambanova = []
@@ -129,6 +130,7 @@ dev = [
     "setuptools~=78.1.1",
     "setuptools_scm~=8.3.1",
     "python-dotenv>=1.0.1,<2.0.0",
+    "towncrier~=25.8.0",
 ]
 
 docs = [
@@ -159,7 +161,7 @@ where = ["src"]
     "src/pipecat/audio/dtmf/dtmf-star.wav",
 ]
 "pipecat.services.aws_nova_sonic" = ["src/pipecat/services/aws_nova_sonic/ready.wav"]
-"pipecat.audio.turn.smart_turn.data" = ["src/pipecat/audio/turn/smart_turn/data/smart-turn-v3.0.onnx"]
+"pipecat.audio.turn.smart_turn.data" = ["src/pipecat/audio/turn/smart_turn/data/smart-turn-v3.1-cpu.onnx"]
 
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 addopts = "--verbose"
@@ -206,3 +208,44 @@ convention = "google"
 command_line = "--module pytest"
 source = ["src"]
 omit = ["*/tests/*"]
+
+[tool.towncrier]
+package = "pipecat"
+package_dir = "src"
+filename = "CHANGELOG.md"
+directory = "changelog"
+start_string = "<!-- towncrier release notes start -->\n"
+template = "changelog/_template.md.j2"
+title_format = "## [{version}] - {project_date}"
+underlines = ["", "", ""]
+wrap = true
+
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+directory = "added"
+name = "Added"
+showcontent = true
+
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+directory = "changed"
+name = "Changed"
+showcontent = true
+
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+directory = "deprecated"
+name = "Deprecated"
+showcontent = true
+
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+directory = "removed"
+name = "Removed"
+showcontent = true
+
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+directory = "fixed"
+name = "Fixed"
+showcontent = true
+
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+directory = "security"
+name = "Security"
+showcontent = true

scripts/evals/run-release-evals.py

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ TESTS_07 = [
     ("07o-interruptible-assemblyai.py", EVAL_SIMPLE_MATH),
     ("07q-interruptible-rime.py", EVAL_SIMPLE_MATH),
     ("07q-interruptible-rime-http.py", EVAL_SIMPLE_MATH),
-    ("07r-interruptible-riva-nim.py", EVAL_SIMPLE_MATH),
+    ("07r-interruptible-nvidia.py", EVAL_SIMPLE_MATH),
     ("07s-interruptible-google-audio-in.py", EVAL_SIMPLE_MATH),
     ("07t-interruptible-fish.py", EVAL_SIMPLE_MATH),
     ("07v-interruptible-neuphonic.py", EVAL_SIMPLE_MATH),
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ TESTS_14 = [
     ("14g-function-calling-grok.py", EVAL_WEATHER),
     ("14h-function-calling-azure.py", EVAL_WEATHER),
     ("14i-function-calling-fireworks.py", EVAL_WEATHER),
-    ("14j-function-calling-nim.py", EVAL_WEATHER),
+    ("14j-function-calling-nvidia.py", EVAL_WEATHER),
     ("14k-function-calling-cerebras.py", EVAL_WEATHER),
     ("14m-function-calling-openrouter.py", EVAL_WEATHER),
     ("14n-function-calling-perplexity.py", EVAL_WEATHER),

src/pipecat/audio/filters/aic_filter.py

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class AICFilter(BaseAudioFilter):
         self,
         *,
         license_key: str = "",
-        model_type: AICModelType = AICModelType.QUAIL_L,
+        model_type: AICModelType = AICModelType.QUAIL_STT,
         enhancement_level: Optional[float] = 1.0,
         voice_gain: Optional[float] = 1.0,
         noise_gate_enable: Optional[bool] = True,
@@ -52,12 +52,27 @@ class AICFilter(BaseAudioFilter):
             enhancement_level: Optional overall enhancement strength (0.0..1.0).
             voice_gain: Optional linear gain applied to detected speech (0.0..4.0).
             noise_gate_enable: Optional enable/disable noise gate (default: True).
+
+                .. deprecated:: 1.3.0
+                    The `noise_gate_enable` parameter is deprecated and no longer has any effect.
+                    It will be removed in a future version.
         """
         self._license_key = license_key
         self._model_type = model_type
 
         self._enhancement_level = enhancement_level
         self._voice_gain = voice_gain
+        if noise_gate_enable is not None:
+            import warnings
+
+            with warnings.catch_warnings():
+                warnings.simplefilter("always")
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "Parameter `noise_gate_enable` is deprecated and no longer has any effect. "
+                    "It will be removed in a future version. Use AIC VAD instead (create_vad_analyzer()).",
+                    DeprecationWarning,
+                )
+
         self._noise_gate_enable = noise_gate_enable
 
         self._enabled = True
@@ -149,10 +164,6 @@ class AICFilter(BaseAudioFilter):
                 )
             if self._voice_gain is not None:
                 self._aic.set_parameter(AICParameter.VOICE_GAIN, float(self._voice_gain))
-            if self._noise_gate_enable is not None:
-                self._aic.set_parameter(
-                    AICParameter.NOISE_GATE_ENABLE, 1.0 if bool(self._noise_gate_enable) else 0.0
-                )
 
             self._aic_ready = True
 

src/pipecat/audio/turn/smart_turn/base_smart_turn.py

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ from pipecat.metrics.metrics import MetricsData, SmartTurnMetricsData
 STOP_SECS = 3
 PRE_SPEECH_MS = 0
 MAX_DURATION_SECONDS = 8  # Max allowed segment duration
-USE_ONLY_LAST_VAD_SEGMENT = True
 
 
 class SmartTurnParams(BaseTurnParams):
@@ -43,8 +42,6 @@ class SmartTurnParams(BaseTurnParams):
     stop_secs: float = STOP_SECS
     pre_speech_ms: float = PRE_SPEECH_MS
     max_duration_secs: float = MAX_DURATION_SECONDS
-    # not exposing this for now yet until the model can handle it.
-    # use_only_last_vad_segment: bool = USE_ONLY_LAST_VAD_SEGMENT
 
 
 class SmartTurnTimeoutException(Exception):
@@ -160,7 +157,7 @@ class BaseSmartTurn(BaseTurnAnalyzer):
         state, result = await loop.run_in_executor(
             self._executor, self._process_speech_segment, self._audio_buffer
         )
-        if state == EndOfTurnState.COMPLETE or USE_ONLY_LAST_VAD_SEGMENT:
+        if state == EndOfTurnState.COMPLETE:
             self._clear(state)
         logger.debug(f"End of Turn result: {state}")
         return state, result

src/pipecat/audio/turn/smart_turn/local_smart_turn_v3.py

@@ -42,17 +42,15 @@ class LocalSmartTurnAnalyzerV3(BaseSmartTurn):
 
         Args:
             smart_turn_model_path: Path to the ONNX model file. If this is not
-                set, the bundled smart-turn-v3.0 model will be used.
+                set, the bundled smart-turn-v3.1-cpu model will be used.
             cpu_count: The number of CPUs to use for inference. Defaults to 1.
             **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to BaseSmartTurn.
         """
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
 
-        logger.debug("Loading Local Smart Turn v3 model...")
-
         if not smart_turn_model_path:
             # Load bundled model
-            model_name = "smart-turn-v3.0.onnx"
+            model_name = "smart-turn-v3.1-cpu.onnx"
             package_path = "pipecat.audio.turn.smart_turn.data"
 
             try:
@@ -70,6 +68,8 @@ class LocalSmartTurnAnalyzerV3(BaseSmartTurn):
                         impresources.files(package_path).joinpath(model_name)
                     )
 
+        logger.debug(f"Loading Local Smart Turn v3.x model from {smart_turn_model_path}...")
+
         so = ort.SessionOptions()
         so.execution_mode = ort.ExecutionMode.ORT_SEQUENTIAL
         so.inter_op_num_threads = 1
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class LocalSmartTurnAnalyzerV3(BaseSmartTurn):
         self._feature_extractor = WhisperFeatureExtractor(chunk_length=8)
         self._session = ort.InferenceSession(smart_turn_model_path, sess_options=so)
 
-        logger.debug("Loaded Local Smart Turn v3")
+        logger.debug("Loaded Local Smart Turn v3.x")
 
     def _predict_endpoint(self, audio_array: np.ndarray) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """Predict end-of-turn using local ONNX model."""

src/pipecat/extensions/ivr/ivr_navigator.py

@@ -18,8 +18,10 @@ from loguru import logger
 from pipecat.audio.dtmf.types import KeypadEntry
 from pipecat.audio.vad.vad_analyzer import VADParams
 from pipecat.frames.frames import (
+    EndFrame,
     Frame,
     LLMContextFrame,
+    LLMFullResponseEndFrame,
     LLMMessagesUpdateFrame,
     LLMTextFrame,
     OutputDTMFUrgentFrame,
@@ -149,11 +151,18 @@ class IVRProcessor(FrameProcessor):
 
         elif isinstance(frame, LLMTextFrame):
             # Process text through the pattern aggregator
-            result = await self._aggregator.aggregate(frame.text)
-            if result:
+            async for result in self._aggregator.aggregate(frame.text):
                 # Push aggregated text that doesn't contain XML patterns
                 await self.push_frame(LLMTextFrame(result.text), direction)
 
+        elif isinstance(frame, (LLMFullResponseEndFrame, EndFrame)):
+            # Flush any remaining text from the aggregator
+            remaining = await self._aggregator.flush()
+            if remaining:
+                await self.push_frame(LLMTextFrame(remaining.text), direction)
+            # Push the end frame
+            await self.push_frame(frame, direction)
+
         else:
             await self.push_frame(frame, direction)
 

src/pipecat/extensions/voicemail/voicemail_detector.py

@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_context import LLMContext
 from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_response_universal import LLMContextAggregatorPair
 from pipecat.processors.frame_processor import FrameDirection, FrameProcessor, FrameProcessorSetup
 from pipecat.services.llm_service import LLMService
-from pipecat.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
-from pipecat.sync.event_notifier import EventNotifier
+from pipecat.utils.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
+from pipecat.utils.sync.event_notifier import EventNotifier
 
 
 class NotifierGate(FrameProcessor):

src/pipecat/frames/frames.py

@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ class TextFrame(DataFrame):
     """
 
     text: str
-    skip_tts: bool = field(init=False)
+    skip_tts: Optional[bool] = field(init=False)
     # Whether any necessary inter-frame (leading/trailing) spaces are already
     # included in the text.
     # NOTE: Ideally this would be available at init time with a default value,
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ class TextFrame(DataFrame):
 
     def __post_init__(self):
         super().__post_init__()
-        self.skip_tts = False
+        self.skip_tts = None
         self.includes_inter_frame_spaces = False
         self.append_to_context = True
 
@@ -835,11 +835,13 @@ class ErrorFrame(SystemFrame):
         error: Description of the error that occurred.
         fatal: Whether the error is fatal and requires bot shutdown.
         processor: The frame processor that generated the error.
+        exception: The exception that occurred.
     """
 
     error: str
     fatal: bool = False
     processor: Optional["FrameProcessor"] = None
+    exception: Optional[Exception] = None
 
     def __str__(self):
         return f"{self.name}(error: {self.error}, fatal: {self.fatal})"
@@ -1630,22 +1632,22 @@ class LLMFullResponseStartFrame(ControlFrame):
     more TextFrames and a final LLMFullResponseEndFrame.
     """
 
-    skip_tts: bool = field(init=False)
+    skip_tts: Optional[bool] = field(init=False)
 
     def __post_init__(self):
         super().__post_init__()
-        self.skip_tts = False
+        self.skip_tts = None
 
 
 @dataclass
 class LLMFullResponseEndFrame(ControlFrame):
     """Frame indicating the end of an LLM response."""
 
-    skip_tts: bool = field(init=False)
+    skip_tts: Optional[bool] = field(init=False)
 
     def __post_init__(self):
         super().__post_init__()
-        self.skip_tts = False
+        self.skip_tts = None
 
 
 @dataclass

src/pipecat/processors/aggregators/gated_llm_context.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 from pipecat.frames.frames import CancelFrame, EndFrame, Frame, LLMContextFrame, StartFrame
 from pipecat.processors.aggregators.openai_llm_context import OpenAILLMContextFrame
 from pipecat.processors.frame_processor import FrameDirection, FrameProcessor
-from pipecat.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
+from pipecat.utils.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
 
 
 class GatedLLMContextAggregator(FrameProcessor):

src/pipecat/processors/aggregators/llm_text_processor.py

@@ -83,8 +83,7 @@ class LLMTextProcessor(FrameProcessor):
         await self._text_aggregator.reset()
 
     async def _handle_llm_text(self, in_frame: LLMTextFrame):
-        aggregation = await self._text_aggregator.aggregate(in_frame.text)
-        if aggregation:
+        async for aggregation in self._text_aggregator.aggregate(in_frame.text):
             out_frame = AggregatedTextFrame(
                 text=aggregation.text,
                 aggregated_by=aggregation.type,
@@ -92,15 +91,13 @@ class LLMTextProcessor(FrameProcessor):
             out_frame.skip_tts = in_frame.skip_tts
             await self.push_frame(out_frame)
 
-    async def _handle_llm_end(self, skip_tts: bool = False):
-        # Flush any remaining aggregated text at the end of the LLM response
-        aggregation = self._text_aggregator.text
-        await self._text_aggregator.reset()
-        text = aggregation.text.strip()
-        if text:
+    async def _handle_llm_end(self, skip_tts: Optional[bool] = None):
+        # Flush any remaining text
+        remaining = await self._text_aggregator.flush()
+        if remaining:
             out_frame = AggregatedTextFrame(
-                text=text,
-                aggregated_by=aggregation.type,
+                text=remaining.text,
+                aggregated_by=remaining.type,
             )
             out_frame.skip_tts = skip_tts
             await self.push_frame(out_frame)

src/pipecat/processors/filters/wake_check_filter.py

@@ -126,6 +126,4 @@ class WakeCheckFilter(FrameProcessor):
             else:
                 await self.push_frame(frame, direction)
         except Exception as e:
-            error_msg = f"Error in wake word filter: {e}"
-            logger.exception(error_msg)
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error_msg))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error in wake word filter: {e}", exception=e)

src/pipecat/processors/filters/wake_notifier_filter.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from typing import Awaitable, Callable, Tuple, Type
 
 from pipecat.frames.frames import Frame
 from pipecat.processors.frame_processor import FrameDirection, FrameProcessor
-from pipecat.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
+from pipecat.utils.sync.base_notifier import BaseNotifier
 
 
 class WakeNotifierFilter(FrameProcessor):

src/pipecat/processors/frame_processor.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ management, and frame flow control mechanisms.
 """
 
 import asyncio
+import traceback
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from enum import Enum
 from typing import Any, Awaitable, Callable, Coroutine, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Type
@@ -142,6 +143,7 @@ class FrameProcessor(BaseObject):
     - on_after_process_frame: Called after a frame is processed
     - on_before_push_frame: Called before a frame is pushed
     - on_after_push_frame: Called after a frame is pushed
+    - on_error: Called when an error is raised in the frame processing.
     """
 
     def __init__(
@@ -234,6 +236,7 @@ class FrameProcessor(BaseObject):
         self._register_event_handler("on_after_process_frame", sync=True)
         self._register_event_handler("on_before_push_frame", sync=True)
         self._register_event_handler("on_after_push_frame", sync=True)
+        self._register_event_handler("on_error", sync=True)
 
     @property
     def id(self) -> int:
@@ -630,7 +633,43 @@ class FrameProcessor(BaseObject):
         elif isinstance(frame, (FrameProcessorResumeFrame, FrameProcessorResumeUrgentFrame)):
             await self.__resume(frame)
 
-    async def push_error(self, error: ErrorFrame):
+    async def push_error(
+        self,
+        error_msg: str,
+        exception: Optional[Exception] = None,
+        fatal: bool = False,
+    ):
+        """Creates and pushes an ErrorFrame upstream.
+
+        Creates and pushes an ErrorFrame upstream to notify other processors in the
+        pipeline about an error condition. The error frame will include context about
+        which processor generated the error.
+
+        Args:
+            error_msg: Descriptive message explaining the error condition.
+            exception: Optional exception object that caused the error, if available.
+                This provides additional context for debugging and error handling.
+            fatal: Whether this error should be considered fatal to the pipeline.
+                Fatal errors typically cause the entire pipeline to stop processing.
+                Defaults to False for non-fatal errors.
+
+        Example::
+
+            ```python
+            # Non-fatal error
+            await self.push_error("Failed to process audio chunk, skipping")
+
+            # Fatal error with exception context
+            try:
+                result = some_critical_operation()
+            except Exception as e:
+                await self.push_error("Critical operation failed", exception=e, fatal=True)
+            ```
+        """
+        error_frame = ErrorFrame(error=error_msg, fatal=fatal, exception=exception, processor=self)
+        await self.push_error_frame(error=error_frame)
+
+    async def push_error_frame(self, error: ErrorFrame):
         """Push an error frame upstream.
 
         Args:
@@ -638,6 +677,18 @@ class FrameProcessor(BaseObject):
         """
         if not error.processor:
             error.processor = self
+        await self._call_event_handler("on_error", error)
+
+        if error.exception:
+            tb = traceback.extract_tb(error.exception.__traceback__)
+            last = tb[-1]
+            error_message = (
+                f"{error.processor} exception ({last.filename}:{last.lineno}): {error.error}"
+            )
+        else:
+            error_message = f"{error.processor} error: {error.error}"
+
+        logger.error(error_message)
         await self.push_frame(error, FrameDirection.UPSTREAM)
 
     async def push_frame(self, frame: Frame, direction: FrameDirection = FrameDirection.DOWNSTREAM):
@@ -759,8 +810,10 @@ class FrameProcessor(BaseObject):
                 await self.__cancel_process_task()
                 self.__create_process_task()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"Uncaught exception in {self} when handling _start_interruption: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(str(e)))
+            await self.push_error(
+                error_msg=f"Uncaught exception handling _start_interruption: {e}",
+                exception=e,
+            )
 
     async def __internal_push_frame(self, frame: Frame, direction: FrameDirection):
         """Internal method to push frames to adjacent processors.
@@ -797,8 +850,7 @@ class FrameProcessor(BaseObject):
                     await self._observer.on_push_frame(data)
                 await self._prev.queue_frame(frame, direction)
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"Uncaught exception in {self}: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(str(e)))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Uncaught exception: {e}", exception=e)
 
     def _check_started(self, frame: Frame):
         """Check if the processor has been started.
@@ -874,8 +926,7 @@ class FrameProcessor(BaseObject):
 
             await self._call_event_handler("on_after_process_frame", frame)
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"{self}: error processing frame: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(str(e)))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error processing frame: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def __input_frame_task_handler(self):
         """Handle frames from the input queue.

src/pipecat/processors/frameworks/langchain.py

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ try:
     from langchain_core.messages import AIMessageChunk
     from langchain_core.runnables import Runnable
 except ModuleNotFoundError as e:
-    logger.exception("In order to use Langchain, you need to `pip install pipecat-ai[langchain]`. ")
+    logger.error("In order to use Langchain, you need to `pip install pipecat-ai[langchain]`. ")
     raise Exception(f"Missing module: {e}")
 
 
@@ -113,6 +113,6 @@ class LangchainProcessor(FrameProcessor):
         except GeneratorExit:
             logger.warning(f"{self} generator was closed prematurely")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"{self} an unknown error occurred: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             await self.push_frame(LLMFullResponseEndFrame())

src/pipecat/processors/frameworks/rtvi.py

@@ -935,8 +935,8 @@ class RTVIObserverParams:
         system_logs_enabled: Indicates if system logs should be sent.
         errors_enabled: [Deprecated] Indicates if errors messages should be sent.
         skip_aggregator_types: List of aggregation types to skip sending as tts/output messages.
-          Note: if using this to avoid sending secure information, be sure to also disable
-                bot_llm_enabled to avoid leaking through LLM messages.
+            Note: if using this to avoid sending secure information, be sure to also disable
+            bot_llm_enabled to avoid leaking through LLM messages.
         bot_output_transforms: A list of callables to transform text before just before sending it
             to TTS. Each callable takes the aggregated text and its type, and returns the
             transformed text. To register, provide a list of tuples of

src/pipecat/processors/frameworks/strands_agents.py

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ try:
     from strands import Agent
     from strands.multiagent.graph import Graph
 except ModuleNotFoundError as e:
-    logger.exception("In order to use Strands Agents, you need to `pip install strands-agents`.")
+    logger.error("In order to use Strands Agents, you need to `pip install strands-agents`.")
     raise Exception(f"Missing module: {e}")
 
 
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ class StrandsAgentsProcessor(FrameProcessor):
         except GeneratorExit:
             logger.warning(f"{self} generator was closed prematurely")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"{self} an unknown error occurred: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             if ttfb_tracking:
                 await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()

src/pipecat/runner/run.py

@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ def _setup_webrtc_routes(
         result: StartBotResult = {"sessionId": session_id}
         if request_data.get("enableDefaultIceServers"):
             result["iceConfig"] = IceConfig(
-                iceServers=[IceServer(urls="stun:stun.l.google.com:19302")]
+                iceServers=[IceServer(urls=["stun:stun.l.google.com:19302"])]
             )
 
         return result

src/pipecat/serializers/plivo.py

@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ class PlivoFrameSerializer(FrameSerializer):
                         )
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"Failed to hang up Plivo call: {e}")
+            logger.error(f"Failed to hang up Plivo call: {e}")
 
     async def deserialize(self, data: str | bytes) -> Frame | None:
         """Deserializes Plivo WebSocket data to Pipecat frames.

src/pipecat/serializers/telnyx.py

@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ class TelnyxFrameSerializer(FrameSerializer):
                         )
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"Failed to hang up Telnyx call: {e}")
+            logger.error(f"Failed to hang up Telnyx call: {e}")
 
     async def deserialize(self, data: str | bytes) -> Frame | None:
         """Deserializes Telnyx WebSocket data to Pipecat frames.

src/pipecat/serializers/twilio.py

@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ class TwilioFrameSerializer(FrameSerializer):
                         )
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"Failed to hang up Twilio call: {e}")
+            logger.error(f"Failed to hang up Twilio call: {e}")
 
     async def deserialize(self, data: str | bytes) -> Frame | None:
         """Deserializes Twilio WebSocket data to Pipecat frames.

src/pipecat/services/ai_service.py

@@ -166,6 +166,6 @@ class AIService(FrameProcessor):
         async for f in generator:
             if f:
                 if isinstance(f, ErrorFrame):
-                    await self.push_error(f)
+                    await self.push_error_frame(f)
                 else:
                     await self.push_frame(f)

src/pipecat/services/anthropic/llm.py

@@ -458,8 +458,7 @@ class AnthropicLLMService(LLMService):
         except httpx.TimeoutException:
             await self._call_event_handler("on_completion_timeout")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(f"{e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             await self.stop_processing_metrics()
             await self.push_frame(LLMFullResponseEndFrame())

src/pipecat/services/assemblyai/stt.py

@@ -206,9 +206,8 @@ class AssemblyAISTTService(STTService):
 
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
             self._connected = False
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             raise
 
     async def _disconnect(self):
@@ -233,8 +232,7 @@ class AssemblyAISTTService(STTService):
                     logger.warning("Timed out waiting for termination message from server")
 
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
 
             if self._receive_task:
                 await self.cancel_task(self._receive_task)
@@ -242,8 +240,7 @@ class AssemblyAISTTService(STTService):
             await self._websocket.close()
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
 
         finally:
             self._websocket = None
@@ -262,13 +259,11 @@ class AssemblyAISTTService(STTService):
                 except websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosedOK:
                     break
                 except Exception as e:
-                    logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                    await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                    await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
                     break
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
 
     def _parse_message(self, message: Dict[str, Any]) -> BaseMessage:
         """Parse a raw message into the appropriate message type."""
@@ -297,8 +292,7 @@ class AssemblyAISTTService(STTService):
             elif isinstance(parsed_message, TerminationMessage):
                 await self._handle_termination(parsed_message)
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def _handle_termination(self, message: TerminationMessage):
         """Handle termination message."""

src/pipecat/services/asyncai/tts.py

@@ -56,6 +56,17 @@ def language_to_async_language(language: Language) -> Optional[str]:
         Language.ES: "es",
         Language.DE: "de",
         Language.IT: "it",
+        Language.PT: "pt",
+        Language.NL: "nl",
+        Language.AR: "ar",
+        Language.RU: "ru",
+        Language.RO: "ro",
+        Language.JA: "ja",
+        Language.HE: "he",
+        Language.HY: "hy",
+        Language.TR: "tr",
+        Language.HI: "hi",
+        Language.ZH: "zh",
     }
 
     return resolve_language(language, LANGUAGE_MAP, use_base_code=True)
@@ -74,7 +85,7 @@ class AsyncAITTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
             language: Language to use for synthesis.
         """
 
-        language: Optional[Language] = Language.EN
+        language: Optional[Language] = None
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -83,7 +94,7 @@ class AsyncAITTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
         voice_id: str,
         version: str = "v1",
         url: str = "wss://api.async.ai/text_to_speech/websocket/ws",
-        model: str = "asyncflow_v2.0",
+        model: str = "asyncflow_multilingual_v1.0",
         sample_rate: Optional[int] = None,
         encoding: str = "pcm_s16le",
         container: str = "raw",
@@ -99,7 +110,7 @@ class AsyncAITTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 https://docs.async.ai/list-voices-16699698e0
             version: Async API version.
             url: WebSocket URL for Async TTS API.
-            model: TTS model to use (e.g., "asyncflow_v2.0").
+            model: TTS model to use (e.g., "asyncflow_multilingual_v1.0").
             sample_rate: Audio sample rate.
             encoding: Audio encoding format.
             container: Audio container format.
@@ -128,7 +139,7 @@ class AsyncAITTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
             },
             "language": self.language_to_service_language(params.language)
             if params.language
-            else "en",
+            else None,
         }
 
         self.set_model_name(model)
@@ -228,8 +239,7 @@ class AsyncAITTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
 
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
 
@@ -241,8 +251,7 @@ class AsyncAITTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 logger.debug("Disconnecting from Async")
                 await self._websocket.close()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._websocket = None
             self._started = False
@@ -287,12 +296,11 @@ class AsyncAITTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 )
                 await self.push_frame(frame)
             elif msg.get("error_code"):
-                logger.error(f"{self} error: {msg}")
                 await self.push_frame(TTSStoppedFrame())
                 await self.stop_all_metrics()
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {msg['message']}"))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error: {msg['message']}")
             else:
-                logger.error(f"{self} error, unknown message type: {msg}")
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown message type: {msg}")
 
     async def _keepalive_task_handler(self):
         """Send periodic keepalive messages to maintain WebSocket connection."""
@@ -335,16 +343,14 @@ class AsyncAITTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 await self._get_websocket().send(msg)
                 await self.start_tts_usage_metrics(text)
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
                 await self._disconnect()
                 await self._connect()
                 return
             yield None
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
 
 
 class AsyncAIHttpTTSService(TTSService):
@@ -362,7 +368,7 @@ class AsyncAIHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             language: Language to use for synthesis.
         """
 
-        language: Optional[Language] = Language.EN
+        language: Optional[Language] = None
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -370,7 +376,7 @@ class AsyncAIHttpTTSService(TTSService):
         api_key: str,
         voice_id: str,
         aiohttp_session: aiohttp.ClientSession,
-        model: str = "asyncflow_v2.0",
+        model: str = "asyncflow_multilingual_v1.0",
         url: str = "https://api.async.ai",
         version: str = "v1",
         sample_rate: Optional[int] = None,
@@ -385,7 +391,7 @@ class AsyncAIHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             api_key: Async API key.
             voice_id: ID of the voice to use for synthesis.
             aiohttp_session: An aiohttp session for making HTTP requests.
-            model: TTS model to use (e.g., "asyncflow_v2.0").
+            model: TTS model to use (e.g., "asyncflow_multilingual_v1.0").
             url: Base URL for Async API.
             version: API version string for Async API.
             sample_rate: Audio sample rate.
@@ -409,7 +415,7 @@ class AsyncAIHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             },
             "language": self.language_to_service_language(params.language)
             if params.language
-            else "en",
+            else None,
         }
         self.set_voice(voice_id)
         self.set_model_name(model)
@@ -477,8 +483,7 @@ class AsyncAIHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             async with self._session.post(url, json=payload, headers=headers) as response:
                 if response.status != 200:
                     error_text = await response.text()
-                    logger.error(f"Async API error: {error_text}")
-                    await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"Async API error: {error_text}"))
+                    await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Async API error: {error_text}")
                     raise Exception(f"Async API returned status {response.status}: {error_text}")
 
                 audio_data = await response.read()
@@ -494,8 +499,7 @@ class AsyncAIHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             yield frame
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
             yield TTSStoppedFrame()

src/pipecat/services/aws/llm.py

@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ class AWSBedrockLLMService(LLMService):
         aws_access_key: Optional[str] = None,
         aws_secret_key: Optional[str] = None,
         aws_session_token: Optional[str] = None,
-        aws_region: str = "us-east-1",
+        aws_region: Optional[str] = None,
         params: Optional[InputParams] = None,
         client_config: Optional[Config] = None,
         retry_timeout_secs: Optional[float] = 5.0,
@@ -1136,7 +1136,7 @@ class AWSBedrockLLMService(LLMService):
         except (ReadTimeoutError, asyncio.TimeoutError):
             await self._call_event_handler("on_completion_timeout")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"{self} exception: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             await self.stop_processing_metrics()
             await self.push_frame(LLMFullResponseEndFrame())

src/pipecat/services/aws/nova_sonic/llm.py

@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ class AWSNovaSonicLLMService(LLMService):
             self._ready_to_send_context = True
             await self._finish_connecting_if_context_available()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} initialization error: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Initialization error: {e}", exception=e)
             await self._disconnect()
 
     async def _process_completed_function_calls(self, send_new_results: bool):
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ class AWSNovaSonicLLMService(LLMService):
 
             logger.info("Finished disconnecting")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} error disconnecting: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error disconnecting: {e}", exception=e)
 
     def _create_client(self) -> BedrockRuntimeClient:
         config = Config(
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ class AWSNovaSonicLLMService(LLMService):
                 # Errors are kind of expected while disconnecting, so just
                 # ignore them and do nothing
                 return
-            logger.error(f"{self} error processing responses: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error processing responses: {e}", exception=e)
             if self._wants_connection:
                 await self.reset_conversation()
 

src/pipecat/services/aws/stt.py

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class AWSTranscribeSTTService(STTService):
         api_key: Optional[str] = None,
         aws_access_key_id: Optional[str] = None,
         aws_session_token: Optional[str] = None,
-        region: Optional[str] = "us-east-1",
+        region: Optional[str] = None,
         sample_rate: int = 16000,
         language: Language = Language.EN,
         **kwargs,
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class AWSTranscribeSTTService(STTService):
             api_key: AWS secret access key. If None, uses AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY environment variable.
             aws_access_key_id: AWS access key ID. If None, uses AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID environment variable.
             aws_session_token: AWS session token for temporary credentials. If None, uses AWS_SESSION_TOKEN environment variable.
-            region: AWS region for the service. Defaults to "us-east-1".
+            region: AWS region for the service.
             sample_rate: Audio sample rate in Hz. Must be 8000 or 16000. Defaults to 16000.
             language: Language for transcription. Defaults to English.
             **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to parent STTService class.
@@ -140,8 +140,7 @@ class AWSTranscribeSTTService(STTService):
                     return
                 logger.warning("WebSocket connection not established after connect")
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
                 retry_count += 1
                 if retry_count < max_retries:
                     await asyncio.sleep(1)  # Wait before retrying
@@ -182,8 +181,7 @@ class AWSTranscribeSTTService(STTService):
                 try:
                     await self._connect()
                 except Exception as e:
-                    logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                    yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                    yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                     return
 
             # Format the audio data according to AWS event stream format
@@ -200,13 +198,11 @@ class AWSTranscribeSTTService(STTService):
                 await self._disconnect()
                 # Don't yield error here - we'll retry on next frame
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                 await self._disconnect()
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
             await self._disconnect()
 
     async def _connect(self):
@@ -289,8 +285,7 @@ class AWSTranscribeSTTService(STTService):
 
                 await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
                 await self._disconnect()
                 raise
 
@@ -310,8 +305,7 @@ class AWSTranscribeSTTService(STTService):
                 await self._ws_client.send(json.dumps(end_stream))
             await self._ws_client.close()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._ws_client = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_disconnected")
@@ -529,15 +523,15 @@ class AWSTranscribeSTTService(STTService):
                                     )
                 elif headers.get(":message-type") == "exception":
                     error_msg = payload.get("Message", "Unknown error")
-                    logger.error(f"{self} Exception from AWS: {error_msg}")
-                    await self.push_frame(ErrorFrame(f"AWS Transcribe error: {error_msg}"))
+                    await self.push_error(error_msg=f"AWS Transcribe error: {error_msg}")
                 else:
                     logger.debug(f"{self} Other message type received: {headers}")
                     logger.debug(f"{self} Payload: {payload}")
             except websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosed as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} WebSocket connection closed in receive loop: {e}")
+                await self.push_error(
+                    error_msg=f"WebSocket connection closed in receive loop", exception=e
+                )
                 break
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
                 break

src/pipecat/services/aws/tts.py

@@ -312,7 +312,6 @@ class AWSPollyTTSService(TTSService):
 
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
         except (BotoCoreError, ClientError) as error:
-            logger.exception(f"{self} error generating TTS: {error}")
             error_message = f"AWS Polly TTS error: {str(error)}"
             yield ErrorFrame(error=error_message)
 

src/pipecat/services/azure/image.py

@@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ class AzureImageGenServiceREST(ImageGenService):
             while status != "succeeded":
                 attempts_left -= 1
                 if attempts_left == 0:
-                    logger.error(f"{self} error: image generation timed out")
                     yield ErrorFrame("Image generation timed out")
                     return
 
@@ -104,7 +103,6 @@ class AzureImageGenServiceREST(ImageGenService):
 
             image_url = json_response["result"]["data"][0]["url"] if json_response else None
             if not image_url:
-                logger.error(f"{self} error: image generation failed")
                 yield ErrorFrame("Image generation failed")
                 return
 

src/pipecat/services/azure/realtime/llm.py

@@ -61,5 +61,5 @@ class AzureRealtimeLLMService(OpenAIRealtimeLLMService):
             )
             self._receive_task = self.create_task(self._receive_task_handler())
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} initialization error: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"initialization error: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None

src/pipecat/services/azure/stt.py

@@ -121,8 +121,7 @@ class AzureSTTService(STTService):
                 self._audio_stream.write(audio)
             yield None
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
 
     async def start(self, frame: StartFrame):
         """Start the speech recognition service.
@@ -151,8 +150,9 @@ class AzureSTTService(STTService):
             self._speech_recognizer.recognized.connect(self._on_handle_recognized)
             self._speech_recognizer.start_continuous_recognition_async()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception during initialization: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(
+                error_msg=f"Uncaught exception during initialization: {e}", exception=e
+            )
 
     async def stop(self, frame: EndFrame):
         """Stop the speech recognition service.

src/pipecat/services/azure/tts.py

@@ -327,7 +327,6 @@ class AzureTTSService(AzureBaseTTSService):
         try:
             if self._speech_synthesizer is None:
                 error_msg = "Speech synthesizer not initialized."
-                logger.error(error_msg)
                 yield ErrorFrame(error=error_msg)
                 return
 
@@ -355,15 +354,13 @@ class AzureTTSService(AzureBaseTTSService):
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
 
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
                 # Could add reconnection logic here if needed
                 return
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
 
 
 class AzureHttpTTSService(AzureBaseTTSService):
@@ -440,5 +437,6 @@ class AzureHttpTTSService(AzureBaseTTSService):
             cancellation_details = result.cancellation_details
             logger.warning(f"Speech synthesis canceled: {cancellation_details.reason}")
             if cancellation_details.reason == CancellationReason.Error:
-                logger.error(f"{self} error: {cancellation_details.error_details}")
-                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {cancellation_details.error_details}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(
+                    error=f"Unknown error occurred: {cancellation_details.error_details}"
+                )

src/pipecat/services/cartesia/stt.py

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ from loguru import logger
 from pipecat.frames.frames import (
     CancelFrame,
     EndFrame,
-    ErrorFrame,
     Frame,
     InterimTranscriptionFrame,
     StartFrame,
@@ -276,8 +275,7 @@ class CartesiaSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
             self._websocket = await websocket_connect(ws_url, additional_headers=headers)
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def _disconnect_websocket(self):
         try:
@@ -285,8 +283,7 @@ class CartesiaSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
                 logger.debug("Disconnecting from Cartesia STT")
                 await self._websocket.close()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} error closing websocket: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error closing websocket: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_disconnected")
@@ -319,8 +316,7 @@ class CartesiaSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
 
             elif data["type"] == "error":
                 error_msg = data.get("message", "Unknown error")
-                logger.error(f"Cartesia error: {error_msg}")
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=error_msg))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=error_msg)
 
     @traced_stt
     async def _handle_transcription(
@@ -352,6 +348,7 @@ class CartesiaSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
                         self._user_id,
                         time_now_iso8601(),
                         language,
+                        result=data,
                     )
                 )
                 await self._handle_transcription(transcript, is_final, language)
@@ -364,5 +361,6 @@ class CartesiaSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
                         self._user_id,
                         time_now_iso8601(),
                         language,
+                        result=data,
                     )
                 )

src/pipecat/services/cartesia/tts.py

@@ -497,8 +497,7 @@ class CartesiaTTSService(AudioContextWordTTSService):
             )
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
 
@@ -510,8 +509,7 @@ class CartesiaTTSService(AudioContextWordTTSService):
                 logger.debug("Disconnecting from Cartesia")
                 await self._websocket.close()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._context_id = None
             self._websocket = None
@@ -564,13 +562,12 @@ class CartesiaTTSService(AudioContextWordTTSService):
                 )
                 await self.append_to_audio_context(msg["context_id"], frame)
             elif msg["type"] == "error":
-                logger.error(f"{self} error: {msg}")
                 await self.push_frame(TTSStoppedFrame())
                 await self.stop_all_metrics()
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {msg['error']}"))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error: {msg}")
                 self._context_id = None
             else:
-                logger.error(f"{self} error, unknown message type: {msg}")
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error, unknown message type: {msg}")
 
     async def _receive_messages(self):
         while True:
@@ -608,16 +605,14 @@ class CartesiaTTSService(AudioContextWordTTSService):
                 await self._get_websocket().send(msg)
                 await self.start_tts_usage_metrics(text)
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
                 await self._disconnect()
                 await self._connect()
                 return
             yield None
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
 
 
 class CartesiaHttpTTSService(TTSService):
@@ -808,8 +803,7 @@ class CartesiaHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             async with session.post(url, json=payload, headers=headers) as response:
                 if response.status != 200:
                     error_text = await response.text()
-                    logger.error(f"Cartesia API error: {error_text}")
-                    await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"Cartesia API error: {error_text}"))
+                    yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Cartesia API error: {error_text}")
                     raise Exception(f"Cartesia API returned status {response.status}: {error_text}")
 
                 audio_data = await response.read()
@@ -825,8 +819,7 @@ class CartesiaHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             yield frame
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
         finally:
             await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
             yield TTSStoppedFrame()

src/pipecat/services/deepgram/flux/stt.py

@@ -150,7 +150,17 @@ class DeepgramFluxSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
                     params=params
                 )
         """
-        super().__init__(sample_rate=sample_rate, **kwargs)
+        # Note: For DeepgramFluxSTTService, differently from other processes, we need to create
+        # the _receive_task inside _connect_websocket, because the websocket should only be
+        # considered connected and ready to send audio once we receive from Flux the message
+        # which confirms the connection has been established.
+        # If we try to keep the logic reconnect_on_error, when receiving a message, the
+        # _receive_task_handler would try to reconnect in case of error, invoking the
+        # _connect_websocket again and leading to a case where the first _receive_task_handler
+        # was never destroyed.
+        # So we can keep it here as false, because inside the method send_with_retry, it will
+        # already try to reconnect if needed.
+        super().__init__(sample_rate=sample_rate, reconnect_on_error=False, **kwargs)
 
         self._api_key = api_key
         self._url = url
@@ -192,8 +202,7 @@ class DeepgramFluxSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
         try:
             await self._disconnect_websocket()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             # Reset state only after everything is cleaned up
             self._websocket = None
@@ -235,6 +244,11 @@ class DeepgramFluxSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
                 additional_headers={"Authorization": f"Token {self._api_key}"},
             )
 
+            headers = {
+                k: v for k, v in self._websocket.response.headers.items() if k.startswith("dg-")
+            }
+            logger.debug(f'{self}: Websocket connection initialized: {{"headers": {headers}}}')
+
             # Creating the receiver task
             if not self._receive_task:
                 self._receive_task = self.create_task(
@@ -251,8 +265,7 @@ class DeepgramFluxSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
             logger.debug("Connected to Deepgram Flux Websocket")
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
 
@@ -280,8 +293,7 @@ class DeepgramFluxSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
                 logger.debug("Disconnecting from Deepgram Flux Websocket")
                 await self._websocket.close()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} error closing websocket: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error closing websocket: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_disconnected")
@@ -291,10 +303,13 @@ class DeepgramFluxSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
 
         This signals to the server that no more audio data will be sent.
         """
-        if self._websocket:
-            logger.debug("Sending CloseStream message to Deepgram Flux")
-            message = {"type": "CloseStream"}
-            await self._websocket.send(json.dumps(message))
+        try:
+            if self._websocket:
+                logger.debug("Sending CloseStream message to Deepgram Flux")
+                message = {"type": "CloseStream"}
+                await self._websocket.send(json.dumps(message))
+        except Exception as e:
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error sending closeStream: {e}", exception=e)
 
     def can_generate_metrics(self) -> bool:
         """Check if this service can generate processing metrics.
@@ -381,16 +396,13 @@ class DeepgramFluxSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
                 are issues sending the audio data.
         """
         if not self._websocket:
-            logger.error("Not connected to Deepgram Flux.")
-            yield ErrorFrame("Not connected to Deepgram Flux.")
             return
 
         try:
             self._last_stt_time = time.monotonic()
             await self.send_with_retry(audio, self._report_error)
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
             return
 
         yield None
@@ -467,8 +479,7 @@ class DeepgramFluxSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
                     # Skip malformed messages
                     continue
                 except Exception as e:
-                    logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                    await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                    await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
                     # Error will be handled inside WebsocketService->_receive_task_handler
                     raise
             else:

src/pipecat/services/deepgram/stt.py

@@ -233,7 +233,14 @@ class DeepgramSTTService(STTService):
             )
 
         if not await self._connection.start(options=self._settings, addons=self._addons):
-            logger.error(f"{self}: unable to connect to Deepgram")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unable to connect to Deepgram")
+        else:
+            headers = {
+                k: v
+                for k, v in self._connection._socket.response.headers.items()
+                if k.startswith("dg-")
+            }
+            logger.debug(f'{self}: Websocket connection initialized: {{"headers": {headers}}}')
 
     async def _disconnect(self):
         if await self._connection.is_connected():
@@ -256,7 +263,7 @@ class DeepgramSTTService(STTService):
     async def _on_error(self, *args, **kwargs):
         error: ErrorResponse = kwargs["error"]
         logger.warning(f"{self} connection error, will retry: {error}")
-        await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{error}"))
+        await self.push_error(error_msg=f"{error}")
         await self.stop_all_metrics()
         # NOTE(aleix): we don't disconnect (i.e. call finish on the connection)
         # because this triggers more errors internally in the Deepgram SDK. So,

src/pipecat/services/deepgram/stt_sagemaker.py

@@ -210,8 +210,7 @@ class DeepgramSageMakerSTTService(STTService):
             try:
                 await self._client.send_audio_chunk(audio)
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"Error sending audio to SageMaker: {e}")
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"SageMaker STT error: {e}"))
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
         yield None
 
     async def _connect(self):
@@ -260,8 +259,7 @@ class DeepgramSageMakerSTTService(STTService):
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"Failed to connect to SageMaker: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"SageMaker connection error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", str(e))
 
     async def _disconnect(self):
@@ -342,8 +340,7 @@ class DeepgramSageMakerSTTService(STTService):
         except asyncio.CancelledError:
             logger.debug("Response processor cancelled")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"Error processing responses: {e}", exc_info=True)
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"SageMaker response error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             logger.debug("Response processor stopped")
 

src/pipecat/services/deepgram/tts.py

@@ -10,35 +10,45 @@ This module provides integration with Deepgram's text-to-speech API
 for generating speech from text using various voice models.
 """
 
+import json
 from typing import AsyncGenerator, Optional
 
 import aiohttp
 from loguru import logger
 
 from pipecat.frames.frames import (
+    CancelFrame,
+    EndFrame,
     ErrorFrame,
     Frame,
+    InterruptionFrame,
+    LLMFullResponseEndFrame,
+    StartFrame,
     TTSAudioRawFrame,
     TTSStartedFrame,
     TTSStoppedFrame,
 )
-from pipecat.services.tts_service import TTSService
+from pipecat.processors.frame_processor import FrameDirection
+from pipecat.services.tts_service import TTSService, WebsocketTTSService
 from pipecat.utils.tracing.service_decorators import traced_tts
 
 try:
-    from deepgram import DeepgramClient, DeepgramClientOptions, SpeakOptions
+    from websockets.asyncio.client import connect as websocket_connect
+    from websockets.protocol import State
 except ModuleNotFoundError as e:
     logger.error(f"Exception: {e}")
-    logger.error("In order to use Deepgram, you need to `pip install pipecat-ai[deepgram]`.")
+    logger.error(
+        "In order to use DeepgramWebsocketTTSService, you need to `pip install pipecat-ai[deepgram]`."
+    )
     raise Exception(f"Missing module: {e}")
 
 
-class DeepgramTTSService(TTSService):
-    """Deepgram text-to-speech service.
+class DeepgramTTSService(WebsocketTTSService):
+    """Deepgram WebSocket-based text-to-speech service.
 
-    Provides text-to-speech synthesis using Deepgram's streaming API.
-    Supports various voice models and audio encoding formats with
-    configurable sample rates and quality settings.
+    Provides real-time text-to-speech synthesis using Deepgram's WebSocket API.
+    Supports streaming audio generation with interruption handling via the Clear
+    message for conversational AI use cases.
     """
 
     def __init__(
@@ -46,42 +56,220 @@ class DeepgramTTSService(TTSService):
         *,
         api_key: str,
         voice: str = "aura-2-helena-en",
-        base_url: str = "",
+        base_url: str = "wss://api.deepgram.com",
         sample_rate: Optional[int] = None,
         encoding: str = "linear16",
         **kwargs,
     ):
-        """Initialize the Deepgram TTS service.
+        """Initialize the Deepgram WebSocket TTS service.
 
         Args:
             api_key: Deepgram API key for authentication.
             voice: Voice model to use for synthesis. Defaults to "aura-2-helena-en".
-            base_url: Custom base URL for Deepgram API. Uses default if empty.
+            base_url: WebSocket base URL for Deepgram API. Defaults to "wss://api.deepgram.com".
             sample_rate: Audio sample rate in Hz. If None, uses service default.
             encoding: Audio encoding format. Defaults to "linear16".
-            **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to parent TTSService class.
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to parent InterruptibleTTSService class.
         """
-        super().__init__(sample_rate=sample_rate, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(
+            sample_rate=sample_rate,
+            pause_frame_processing=True,
+            push_stop_frames=True,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
 
+        self._api_key = api_key
+        self._base_url = base_url
         self._settings = {
             "encoding": encoding,
         }
         self.set_voice(voice)
 
-        client_options = DeepgramClientOptions(url=base_url)
-        self._deepgram_client = DeepgramClient(api_key, config=client_options)
+        self._receive_task = None
 
     def can_generate_metrics(self) -> bool:
         """Check if the service can generate metrics.
 
         Returns:
-            True, as Deepgram TTS service supports metrics generation.
+            True, as Deepgram WebSocket TTS service supports metrics generation.
         """
         return True
 
+    async def start(self, frame: StartFrame):
+        """Start the Deepgram WebSocket TTS service.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: The start frame containing initialization parameters.
+        """
+        await super().start(frame)
+        await self._connect()
+
+    async def stop(self, frame: EndFrame):
+        """Stop the Deepgram WebSocket TTS service.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: The end frame.
+        """
+        await super().stop(frame)
+        await self._disconnect()
+
+    async def cancel(self, frame: CancelFrame):
+        """Cancel the Deepgram WebSocket TTS service.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: The cancel frame.
+        """
+        await super().cancel(frame)
+        await self._disconnect()
+
+    async def process_frame(self, frame: Frame, direction: FrameDirection):
+        """Process frames with special handling for LLM response end.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: The frame to process.
+            direction: The direction of frame processing.
+        """
+        await super().process_frame(frame, direction)
+
+        # When the LLM finishes responding, flush any remaining text in Deepgram's buffer
+        if isinstance(frame, (LLMFullResponseEndFrame, EndFrame)):
+            await self.flush_audio()
+
+    async def _connect(self):
+        """Connect to Deepgram WebSocket and start receive task."""
+        await self._connect_websocket()
+
+        if self._websocket and not self._receive_task:
+            self._receive_task = self.create_task(self._receive_task_handler(self._report_error))
+
+    async def _disconnect(self):
+        """Disconnect from Deepgram WebSocket and clean up tasks."""
+        if self._receive_task:
+            await self.cancel_task(self._receive_task)
+            self._receive_task = None
+
+        await self._disconnect_websocket()
+
+    async def _connect_websocket(self):
+        """Connect to Deepgram WebSocket API with configured settings."""
+        try:
+            if self._websocket and self._websocket.state is State.OPEN:
+                return
+
+            logger.debug("Connecting to Deepgram WebSocket")
+
+            # Build WebSocket URL with query parameters
+            params = []
+            params.append(f"model={self._voice_id}")
+            params.append(f"encoding={self._settings['encoding']}")
+            params.append(f"sample_rate={self.sample_rate}")
+
+            url = f"{self._base_url}/v1/speak?{'&'.join(params)}"
+
+            headers = {"Authorization": f"Token {self._api_key}"}
+
+            self._websocket = await websocket_connect(url, additional_headers=headers)
+
+            headers = {
+                k: v for k, v in self._websocket.response.headers.items() if k.startswith("dg-")
+            }
+            logger.debug(f'{self}: Websocket connection initialized: {{"headers": {headers}}}')
+
+            await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            self._websocket = None
+            await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
+
+    async def _disconnect_websocket(self):
+        """Close WebSocket connection and reset state."""
+        try:
+            await self.stop_all_metrics()
+
+            if self._websocket:
+                logger.debug("Disconnecting from Deepgram WebSocket")
+                # Send Close message to gracefully close the connection
+                await self._websocket.send(json.dumps({"type": "Close"}))
+                await self._websocket.close()
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+        finally:
+            self._websocket = None
+            await self._call_event_handler("on_disconnected")
+
+    def _get_websocket(self):
+        """Get active websocket connection or raise exception."""
+        if self._websocket:
+            return self._websocket
+        raise Exception("Websocket not connected")
+
+    async def _handle_interruption(self, frame: InterruptionFrame, direction: FrameDirection):
+        """Handle interruption by sending Clear message to Deepgram.
+
+        The Clear message will clear Deepgram's internal text buffer and stop
+        sending audio, allowing for a new response to be generated.
+        """
+        await super()._handle_interruption(frame, direction)
+
+        # Send Clear message to stop current audio generation
+        if self._websocket:
+            try:
+                clear_msg = {"type": "Clear"}
+                await self._websocket.send(json.dumps(clear_msg))
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error(f"{self} error sending Clear message: {e}")
+
+    async def _receive_messages(self):
+        """Receive and process messages from Deepgram WebSocket."""
+        async for message in self._get_websocket():
+            if isinstance(message, bytes):
+                # Binary message contains audio data
+                await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
+                frame = TTSAudioRawFrame(message, self.sample_rate, 1)
+                await self.push_frame(frame)
+            elif isinstance(message, str):
+                # Text message contains metadata or control messages
+                try:
+                    msg = json.loads(message)
+                    msg_type = msg.get("type")
+
+                    if msg_type == "Metadata":
+                        logger.trace(f"Received metadata: {msg}")
+                    elif msg_type == "Flushed":
+                        logger.trace(f"Received Flushed: {msg}")
+                        # Flushed indicates the end of audio generation for the current buffer
+                        # This happens after flush_audio() is called
+                    elif msg_type == "Cleared":
+                        logger.trace(f"Received Cleared: {msg}")
+                        # Buffer has been cleared after interruption
+                        # TTSStoppedFrame will be sent by the interruption handler
+                    elif msg_type == "Warning":
+                        logger.warning(
+                            f"{self} warning: {msg.get('description', 'Unknown warning')}"
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        logger.debug(f"Received unknown message type: {msg}")
+                except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                    logger.error(f"Invalid JSON message: {message}")
+
+    async def flush_audio(self):
+        """Flush any pending audio synthesis by sending Flush command.
+
+        This should be called when the LLM finishes a complete response to force
+        generation of audio from Deepgram's internal text buffer.
+        """
+        if self._websocket:
+            try:
+                flush_msg = {"type": "Flush"}
+                await self._websocket.send(json.dumps(flush_msg))
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error(f"{self} error sending Flush message: {e}")
+
     @traced_tts
     async def run_tts(self, text: str) -> AsyncGenerator[Frame, None]:
-        """Generate speech from text using Deepgram's TTS API.
+        """Generate speech from text using Deepgram's WebSocket TTS API.
 
         Args:
             text: The text to synthesize into speech.
@@ -91,33 +279,27 @@ class DeepgramTTSService(TTSService):
         """
         logger.debug(f"{self}: Generating TTS [{text}]")
 
-        options = SpeakOptions(
-            model=self._voice_id,
-            encoding=self._settings["encoding"],
-            sample_rate=self.sample_rate,
-            container="none",
-        )
-
         try:
+            # Reconnect if the websocket is closed
+            if not self._websocket or self._websocket.state is State.CLOSED:
+                await self._connect()
+
             await self.start_ttfb_metrics()
-
-            response = await self._deepgram_client.speak.asyncrest.v("1").stream_raw(
-                {"text": text}, options
-            )
-
             await self.start_tts_usage_metrics(text)
+
             yield TTSStartedFrame()
 
-            async for data in response.aiter_bytes():
-                await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
-                if data:
-                    yield TTSAudioRawFrame(audio=data, sample_rate=self.sample_rate, num_channels=1)
+            # Send text message to Deepgram
+            # Note: We don't send Flush here - that should only be sent when the
+            # LLM finishes a complete response via flush_audio()
+            speak_msg = {"type": "Speak", "text": text}
+            await self._get_websocket().send(json.dumps(speak_msg))
 
-            yield TTSStoppedFrame()
+            # The audio frames will be handled in _receive_messages
+            yield None
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
 
 
 class DeepgramHttpTTSService(TTSService):
@@ -227,5 +409,4 @@ class DeepgramHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             yield TTSStoppedFrame()
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"{self} exception: {e}")
             yield ErrorFrame(f"Error getting audio: {str(e)}")

src/pipecat/services/elevenlabs/stt.py

@@ -351,8 +351,7 @@ class ElevenLabsSTTService(SegmentedSTTService):
                 )
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
 
 
 def audio_format_from_sample_rate(sample_rate: int) -> str:
@@ -598,7 +597,6 @@ class ElevenLabsRealtimeSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
                 }
                 await self._websocket.send(json.dumps(message))
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"Error sending audio: {e}")
                 yield ErrorFrame(f"ElevenLabs Realtime STT error: {str(e)}")
 
         yield None
@@ -663,8 +661,9 @@ class ElevenLabsRealtimeSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
             logger.debug("Connected to ElevenLabs Realtime STT")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self}: unable to connect to ElevenLabs Realtime STT: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(f"Connection error: {str(e)}"))
+            await self.push_error(
+                error_msg=f"Unable to connect to ElevenLabs Realtime STT: {e}", exception=e
+            )
 
     async def _disconnect_websocket(self):
         """Disconnect from ElevenLabs Realtime STT WebSocket."""
@@ -673,7 +672,7 @@ class ElevenLabsRealtimeSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
                 logger.debug("Disconnecting from ElevenLabs Realtime STT")
                 await self._websocket.close()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} error closing websocket: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error closing websocket: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_disconnected")
@@ -733,17 +732,17 @@ class ElevenLabsRealtimeSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
         elif message_type == "error":
             error_msg = data.get("error", "Unknown error")
             logger.error(f"ElevenLabs error: {error_msg}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(f"Error: {error_msg}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error: {error_msg}")
 
         elif message_type == "auth_error":
             error_msg = data.get("error", "Authentication error")
             logger.error(f"ElevenLabs auth error: {error_msg}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(f"Auth error: {error_msg}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Auth error: {error_msg}")
 
         elif message_type == "quota_exceeded_error":
             error_msg = data.get("error", "Quota exceeded")
             logger.error(f"ElevenLabs quota exceeded: {error_msg}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(f"Quota exceeded: {error_msg}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Quota exceeded: {error_msg}")
 
         else:
             logger.debug(f"Unknown message type: {message_type}")

src/pipecat/services/elevenlabs/tts.py

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ def build_elevenlabs_voice_settings(
 class PronunciationDictionaryLocator(BaseModel):
     """Locator for a pronunciation dictionary.
 
-    Attributes:
+    Parameters:
         pronunciation_dictionary_id: The ID of the pronunciation dictionary.
         version_id: The version ID of the pronunciation dictionary.
     """
@@ -424,8 +424,7 @@ class ElevenLabsTTSService(AudioContextWordTTSService):
                         json.dumps({"context_id": self._context_id, "close_context": True})
                     )
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             self._context_id = None
             self._started = False
 
@@ -536,9 +535,8 @@ class ElevenLabsTTSService(AudioContextWordTTSService):
 
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
             self._websocket = None
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
 
     async def _disconnect_websocket(self):
@@ -553,8 +551,7 @@ class ElevenLabsTTSService(AudioContextWordTTSService):
                 await self._websocket.close()
                 logger.debug("Disconnected from ElevenLabs")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._started = False
             self._context_id = None
@@ -584,8 +581,7 @@ class ElevenLabsTTSService(AudioContextWordTTSService):
                     json.dumps({"context_id": self._context_id, "close_context": True})
                 )
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             self._context_id = None
             self._started = False
             self._partial_word = ""
@@ -735,20 +731,16 @@ class ElevenLabsTTSService(AudioContextWordTTSService):
                     await self._websocket.send(json.dumps(msg))
                     logger.trace(f"Created new context {self._context_id}")
 
-                    await self._send_text(text)
-                    await self.start_tts_usage_metrics(text)
-                else:
-                    await self._send_text(text)
+                await self._send_text(text)
+                await self.start_tts_usage_metrics(text)
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
-                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                 self._started = False
                 return
             yield None
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
 
 
 class ElevenLabsHttpTTSService(WordTTSService):
@@ -1043,7 +1035,6 @@ class ElevenLabsHttpTTSService(WordTTSService):
             ) as response:
                 if response.status != 200:
                     error_text = await response.text()
-                    logger.error(f"{self} error: {error_text}")
                     yield ErrorFrame(error=f"ElevenLabs API error: {error_text}")
                     return
 
@@ -1091,8 +1082,7 @@ class ElevenLabsHttpTTSService(WordTTSService):
                         logger.warning(f"Failed to parse JSON from stream: {e}")
                         continue
                     except Exception as e:
-                        logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                        yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                        yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                         continue
 
                 # After processing all chunks, emit any remaining partial word
@@ -1116,8 +1106,7 @@ class ElevenLabsHttpTTSService(WordTTSService):
                     self._previous_text = text
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
         finally:
             await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
             # Let the parent class handle TTSStoppedFrame

src/pipecat/services/fal/image.py

@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ class FalImageGenService(ImageGenService):
         image_url = response["images"][0]["url"] if response else None
 
         if not image_url:
-            logger.error(f"{self} error: image generation failed")
             yield ErrorFrame("Image generation failed")
             return
 

src/pipecat/services/fal/stt.py

@@ -290,5 +290,4 @@ class FalSTTService(SegmentedSTTService):
                     )
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")

src/pipecat/services/fish/tts.py

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class FishAudioTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
         api_key: str,
         reference_id: Optional[str] = None,  # This is the voice ID
         model: Optional[str] = None,  # Deprecated
-        model_id: str = "speech-1.5",
+        model_id: str = "s1",
         output_format: FishAudioOutputFormat = "pcm",
         sample_rate: Optional[int] = None,
         params: Optional[InputParams] = None,
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class FishAudioTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 The `model` parameter is deprecated and will be removed in version 0.1.0.
                 Use `reference_id` instead to specify the voice model.
 
-            model_id: Specify which Fish Audio TTS model to use (e.g. "speech-1.5")
+            model_id: Specify which Fish Audio TTS model to use (e.g. "s1")
             output_format: Audio output format. Defaults to "pcm".
             sample_rate: Audio sample rate. If None, uses default.
             params: Additional input parameters for voice customization.
@@ -228,8 +228,7 @@ class FishAudioTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
 
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
 
@@ -243,8 +242,7 @@ class FishAudioTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 await self._websocket.send(ormsgpack.packb(stop_message))
                 await self._websocket.close()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._request_id = None
             self._started = False
@@ -286,8 +284,7 @@ class FishAudioTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                                 continue
 
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
 
     @traced_tts
     async def run_tts(self, text: str) -> AsyncGenerator[Frame, None]:
@@ -323,8 +320,7 @@ class FishAudioTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 flush_message = {"event": "flush"}
                 await self._get_websocket().send(ormsgpack.packb(flush_message))
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
                 await self._disconnect()
                 await self._connect()
@@ -332,5 +328,4 @@ class FishAudioTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
             yield None
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")

src/pipecat/services/gladia/stt.py

@@ -468,8 +468,7 @@ class GladiaSTTService(STTService):
                             break
 
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
                 self._connection_active = False
 
                 if not self._should_reconnect:
@@ -559,8 +558,7 @@ class GladiaSTTService(STTService):
         except websockets.exceptions.ConnectionClosed:
             logger.debug("Connection closed during keepalive")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def _receive_task_handler(self):
         try:
@@ -623,8 +621,7 @@ class GladiaSTTService(STTService):
             # Expected when closing the connection
             pass
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def _maybe_reconnect(self) -> bool:
         """Handle exponential backoff reconnection logic."""
@@ -632,7 +629,9 @@ class GladiaSTTService(STTService):
             return False
         self._reconnection_attempts += 1
         if self._reconnection_attempts > self._max_reconnection_attempts:
-            logger.error(f"Max reconnection attempts ({self._max_reconnection_attempts}) reached")
+            await self.push_error(
+                error_msg=f"Max reconnection attempts ({self._max_reconnection_attempts}) reached",
+            )
             self._should_reconnect = False
             return False
         delay = self._reconnection_delay * (2 ** (self._reconnection_attempts - 1))

src/pipecat/services/google/gemini_live/llm.py

@@ -1175,7 +1175,7 @@ class GeminiLiveLLMService(LLMService):
             self._connection_task = self.create_task(self._connection_task_handler(config=config))
 
         except Exception as e:
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} Initialization error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Initialization error: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def _connection_task_handler(self, config: LiveConnectConfig):
         async with self._client.aio.live.connect(model=self._model_name, config=config) as session:
@@ -1252,11 +1252,11 @@ class GeminiLiveLLMService(LLMService):
         )
 
         if self._consecutive_failures >= MAX_CONSECUTIVE_FAILURES:
-            logger.error(
+            error_msg = (
                 f"Max consecutive failures ({MAX_CONSECUTIVE_FAILURES}) reached, "
                 "treating as fatal error"
             )
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} Error in receive loop: {error}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=error_msg, exception=error)
             return False
         else:
             logger.info(
@@ -1284,7 +1284,7 @@ class GeminiLiveLLMService(LLMService):
             self._completed_tool_calls = set()
             self._disconnecting = False
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} error disconnecting: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error disconnecting: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def _send_user_audio(self, frame):
         """Send user audio frame to Gemini Live API."""
@@ -1723,6 +1723,8 @@ class GeminiLiveLLMService(LLMService):
             prompt_tokens=prompt_tokens,
             completion_tokens=completion_tokens,
             total_tokens=total_tokens,
+            cache_read_input_tokens=usage.cached_content_token_count,
+            reasoning_tokens=usage.thoughts_token_count,
         )
 
         await self.start_llm_usage_metrics(tokens)
@@ -1743,7 +1745,7 @@ class GeminiLiveLLMService(LLMService):
         # state management, and that exponential backoff for retries can have
         # cost/stability implications for a service cluster, let's just treat a
         # send-side error as fatal.
-        await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} Send error: {error}", fatal=True))
+        await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Send error: {error}")
 
     def create_context_aggregator(
         self,

src/pipecat/services/google/image.py

@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ class GoogleImageGenService(ImageGenService):
             await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
 
             if not response or not response.generated_images:
-                logger.error(f"{self} error: image generation failed")
                 yield ErrorFrame("Image generation failed")
                 return
 
@@ -128,5 +127,4 @@ class GoogleImageGenService(ImageGenService):
                 yield frame
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} error generating image: {e}")
             yield ErrorFrame(f"Image generation error: {str(e)}")

src/pipecat/services/google/llm.py

@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ class GoogleLLMService(LLMService):
                 return
             generation_params.setdefault("thinking_config", {})["thinking_budget"] = 0
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"Failed to unset thinking budget: {e}")
+            logger.error(f"Failed to unset thinking budget: {e}")
 
     async def _stream_content(
         self, params_from_context: GeminiLLMInvocationParams
@@ -983,7 +983,7 @@ class GoogleLLMService(LLMService):
         except DeadlineExceeded:
             await self._call_event_handler("on_completion_timeout")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"{self} exception: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             if grounding_metadata and isinstance(grounding_metadata, dict):
                 llm_search_frame = LLMSearchResponseFrame(

src/pipecat/services/google/stt.py

@@ -774,8 +774,7 @@ class GoogleSTTService(STTService):
                 yield cloud_speech.StreamingRecognizeRequest(audio=audio_data)
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             raise
 
     async def _stream_audio(self):
@@ -806,15 +805,13 @@ class GoogleSTTService(STTService):
                         break
 
                 except Exception as e:
-                    logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                    await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+                    await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
 
                     await asyncio.sleep(1)  # Brief delay before reconnecting
                     self._stream_start_time = int(time.time() * 1000)
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def run_stt(self, audio: bytes) -> AsyncGenerator[Frame, None]:
         """Process an audio chunk for STT transcription.
@@ -902,8 +899,7 @@ class GoogleSTTService(STTService):
             )
             raise
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             # Re-raise the exception to let it propagate (e.g. in the case of a
             # timeout, propagate to _stream_audio to reconnect)
             raise

src/pipecat/services/google/tts.py

@@ -737,7 +737,6 @@ class GoogleHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             yield TTSStoppedFrame()
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
             error_message = f"TTS generation error: {str(e)}"
             yield ErrorFrame(error=error_message)
 
@@ -996,9 +995,7 @@ class GoogleTTSService(GoogleBaseTTSService):
                 yield frame
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            error_message = f"TTS generation error: {str(e)}"
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=error_message)
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"TTS generation error: {str(e)}", exception=e)
 
 
 class GeminiTTSService(GoogleBaseTTSService):
@@ -1248,6 +1245,5 @@ class GeminiTTSService(GoogleBaseTTSService):
                 yield frame
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
             error_message = f"Gemini TTS generation error: {str(e)}"
             yield ErrorFrame(error=error_message)

src/pipecat/services/gradium/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2024–2025, Daily
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD 2-Clause License
+#

src/pipecat/services/gradium/stt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2024–2025, Daily
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD 2-Clause License
+#
+
+"""Gradium's speech-to-text service implementation.
+
+This module provides integration with Gradium's real-time speech-to-text
+WebSocket API for streaming audio transcription.
+"""
+
+import base64
+import json
+from typing import AsyncGenerator
+
+from loguru import logger
+
+from pipecat.frames.frames import (
+    CancelFrame,
+    EndFrame,
+    Frame,
+    StartFrame,
+    TranscriptionFrame,
+)
+from pipecat.services.stt_service import WebsocketSTTService
+from pipecat.transcriptions.language import Language
+from pipecat.utils.time import time_now_iso8601
+from pipecat.utils.tracing.service_decorators import traced_stt
+
+try:
+    from websockets.asyncio.client import connect as websocket_connect
+    from websockets.protocol import State
+except ModuleNotFoundError as e:
+    logger.error(f"Exception: {e}")
+    logger.error('In order to use Gradium, you need to `pip install "pipecat-ai[gradium]"`.')
+    raise Exception(f"Missing module: {e}")
+
+SAMPLE_RATE = 24000
+
+
+class GradiumSTTService(WebsocketSTTService):
+    """Gradium real-time speech-to-text service.
+
+    Provides real-time speech transcription using Gradium's WebSocket API.
+    Supports both interim and final transcriptions with configurable parameters
+    for audio processing and connection management.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        api_key: str,
+        api_endpoint_base_url: str = "wss://eu.api.gradium.ai/api/speech/asr",
+        json_config: str | None = None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        """Initialize the Gradium STT service.
+
+        Args:
+            api_key: Gradium API key for authentication.
+            api_endpoint_base_url: WebSocket endpoint URL. Defaults to Gradium's streaming endpoint.
+            json_config: Optional JSON configuration string for additional model settings.
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to parent STTService class.
+        """
+        super().__init__(sample_rate=SAMPLE_RATE, **kwargs)
+
+        self._api_key = api_key
+        self._api_endpoint_base_url = api_endpoint_base_url
+        self._websocket = None
+        self._json_config = json_config
+
+        self._receive_task = None
+
+        self._audio_buffer = bytearray()
+        self._chunk_size_ms = 80
+        self._chunk_size_bytes = 0
+
+    def can_generate_metrics(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the service can generate metrics.
+
+        Returns:
+            True if metrics generation is supported.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    async def start(self, frame: StartFrame):
+        """Start the speech-to-text service.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: Start frame to begin processing.
+        """
+        await super().start(frame)
+        self._chunk_size_bytes = int(self._chunk_size_ms * self.sample_rate * 2 / 1000)
+        await self._connect()
+
+    async def stop(self, frame: EndFrame):
+        """Stop the speech-to-text service.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: End frame to stop processing.
+        """
+        await super().stop(frame)
+        await self._disconnect()
+
+    async def cancel(self, frame: CancelFrame):
+        """Cancel the speech-to-text service.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: Cancel frame to abort processing.
+        """
+        await super().cancel(frame)
+        await self._disconnect()
+
+    async def run_stt(self, audio: bytes) -> AsyncGenerator[Frame, None]:
+        """Process audio data for speech-to-text conversion.
+
+        Args:
+            audio: Raw audio bytes to process.
+
+        Yields:
+            None (processing handled via WebSocket messages).
+        """
+        self._audio_buffer.extend(audio)
+        await self.start_ttfb_metrics()
+        await self.start_processing_metrics()
+
+        while len(self._audio_buffer) >= self._chunk_size_bytes:
+            chunk = bytes(self._audio_buffer[: self._chunk_size_bytes])
+            self._audio_buffer = self._audio_buffer[self._chunk_size_bytes :]
+            chunk = base64.b64encode(chunk).decode("utf-8")
+            msg = {"type": "audio", "audio": chunk}
+            if self._websocket and self._websocket.state is State.OPEN:
+                await self._websocket.send(json.dumps(msg))
+
+        yield None
+
+    @traced_stt
+    async def _trace_transcription(self, transcript: str, is_final: bool, language: Language):
+        """Record transcription event for tracing."""
+        pass
+
+    async def _connect(self):
+        await self._connect_websocket()
+
+        if self._websocket and not self._receive_task:
+            self._receive_task = self.create_task(self._receive_task_handler(self._report_error))
+
+    async def _connect_websocket(self):
+        try:
+            if self._websocket and self._websocket.state is State.OPEN:
+                return
+            ws_url = self._api_endpoint_base_url
+            headers = {
+                "x-api-key": self._api_key,
+                "x-api-source": "pipecat",
+            }
+            self._websocket = await websocket_connect(
+                ws_url,
+                additional_headers=headers,
+            )
+            await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
+            setup_msg = {
+                "type": "setup",
+                "input_format": "pcm",
+            }
+            if self._json_config is not None:
+                setup_msg["json_config"] = self._json_config
+            await self._websocket.send(json.dumps(setup_msg))
+            ready_msg = await self._websocket.recv()
+            ready_msg = json.loads(ready_msg)
+            if ready_msg["type"] == "error":
+                raise Exception(f"received error {ready_msg['message']}")
+            if ready_msg["type"] != "ready":
+                raise Exception(f"unexpected first message type {ready_msg['type']}")
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
+            raise
+
+    async def _disconnect(self):
+        if self._receive_task:
+            await self.cancel_task(self._receive_task)
+            self._receive_task = None
+
+        await self._disconnect_websocket()
+
+    async def _disconnect_websocket(self):
+        try:
+            if self._websocket and self._websocket.state is State.OPEN:
+                logger.debug("Disconnecting from Gradium STT")
+                await self._websocket.close()
+        except Exception as e:
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
+        finally:
+            self._websocket = None
+            await self._call_event_handler("on_disconnected")
+
+    def _get_websocket(self):
+        if self._websocket:
+            return self._websocket
+        raise Exception("Websocket not connected")
+
+    async def _process_messages(self):
+        async for message in self._get_websocket():
+            try:
+                data = json.loads(message)
+                await self._process_response(data)
+            except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                logger.warning(f"Received non-JSON message: {message}")
+
+    async def _receive_messages(self):
+        while True:
+            await self._process_messages()
+            logger.debug(f"{self} Gradium connection was disconnected (timeout?), reconnecting")
+            await self._connect_websocket()
+
+    async def _process_response(self, msg):
+        type_ = msg.get("type", "")
+        if type_ == "text":
+            await self._handle_text(msg["text"])
+        elif type_ == "end_of_stream":
+            await self._handle_end_of_stream()
+        elif type_ == "error":
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error: {msg}")
+
+    async def _handle_end_of_stream(self):
+        """Handle termination message."""
+        logger.debug("Received end_of_stream message from server")
+
+    async def _handle_text(self, text: str):
+        """Handle transcription results."""
+        await self.push_frame(
+            TranscriptionFrame(
+                text,
+                self._user_id,
+                time_now_iso8601(),
+            )
+        )

src/pipecat/services/gradium/tts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,315 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2024–2025, Daily
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD 2-Clause License
+
+"""Gradium Text-to-Speech service implementation."""
+
+import base64
+import json
+import uuid
+from typing import Any, AsyncGenerator, Mapping, Optional
+
+from loguru import logger
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from pipecat.frames.frames import (
+    CancelFrame,
+    EndFrame,
+    ErrorFrame,
+    Frame,
+    StartFrame,
+    TTSAudioRawFrame,
+    TTSStartedFrame,
+    TTSStoppedFrame,
+)
+from pipecat.processors.frame_processor import FrameDirection
+from pipecat.services.tts_service import InterruptibleWordTTSService
+from pipecat.utils.tracing.service_decorators import traced_tts
+
+try:
+    from websockets import ConnectionClosedOK
+    from websockets.asyncio.client import connect as websocket_connect
+    from websockets.protocol import State
+except ModuleNotFoundError as e:
+    logger.error(f"Exception: {e}")
+    logger.error("In order to use Gradium, you need to `pip install pipecat-ai[gradium]`.")
+    raise Exception(f"Missing module: {e}")
+
+SAMPLE_RATE = 48000
+
+
+class GradiumTTSService(InterruptibleWordTTSService):
+    """Text-to-Speech service using Gradium's websocket API."""
+
+    class InputParams(BaseModel):
+        """Configuration parameters for Gradium TTS service.
+
+        Parameters:
+            temp: Temperature to be used for generation, defaults to 0.6.
+        """
+
+        temp: Optional[float] = 0.6
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        api_key: str,
+        voice_id: str = "YTpq7expH9539ERJ",
+        url: str = "wss://eu.api.gradium.ai/api/speech/tts",
+        model: str = "default",
+        json_config: Optional[str] = None,
+        params: Optional[InputParams] = None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        """Initialize the Gradium TTS service.
+
+        Args:
+            api_key: Gradium API key for authentication.
+            voice_id: the voice identifier.
+            url: Gradium websocket API endpoint.
+            model: Model ID to use for synthesis.
+            json_config: Optional JSON configuration string for additional model settings.
+            params: Additional configuration parameters.
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to parent class.
+        """
+        # Initialize with parent class settings for proper frame handling
+        super().__init__(
+            push_stop_frames=True,
+            pause_frame_processing=True,
+            sample_rate=SAMPLE_RATE,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+        params = params or GradiumTTSService.InputParams()
+
+        # Store service configuration
+        self._api_key = api_key
+        self._url = url
+        self._voice_id = voice_id
+        self._json_config = json_config
+        self._model = model
+        self._settings = {
+            "voice_id": voice_id,
+            "model_name": model,
+            "output_format": "pcm",
+        }
+
+        # State tracking
+        self._receive_task = None
+
+    def can_generate_metrics(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if this service can generate processing metrics.
+
+        Returns:
+            True, as Gradium service supports metrics generation.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    async def set_model(self, model: str):
+        """Update the TTS model.
+
+        Args:
+            model: The model name to use for synthesis.
+        """
+        self._model = model
+        await super().set_model(model)
+
+    async def _update_settings(self, settings: Mapping[str, Any]):
+        """Update service settings and reconnect if voice changed."""
+        prev_voice = self._voice_id
+        await super()._update_settings(settings)
+        if not prev_voice == self._voice_id:
+            self._settings["voice_id"] = self._voice_id
+            logger.info(f"Switching TTS voice to: [{self._voice_id}]")
+            await self._disconnect()
+            await self._connect()
+
+    def _build_msg(self, text: str = "") -> dict:
+        """Build JSON message for Gradium API."""
+        return {"text": text, "type": "text"}
+
+    async def start(self, frame: StartFrame):
+        """Start the service and establish websocket connection.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: The start frame containing initialization parameters.
+        """
+        await super().start(frame)
+        await self._connect()
+
+    async def stop(self, frame: EndFrame):
+        """Stop the service and close connection.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: The end frame.
+        """
+        await super().stop(frame)
+        await self._disconnect()
+
+    async def cancel(self, frame: CancelFrame):
+        """Cancel current operation and clean up.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: The cancel frame.
+        """
+        await super().cancel(frame)
+        await self._disconnect()
+
+    async def _connect(self):
+        """Establish websocket connection and start receive task."""
+        logger.debug(f"{self}: connecting")
+
+        # If the server disconnected, cancel the receive-task so that it can be reset below.
+        if self._websocket is None or self._websocket.state is not State.OPEN:
+            if self._receive_task:
+                await self.cancel_task(self._receive_task)
+                self._receive_task = None
+
+        await self._connect_websocket()
+
+        if self._websocket and not self._receive_task:
+            logger.debug(f"{self}: setting receive task")
+            self._receive_task = self.create_task(self._receive_task_handler(self._report_error))
+
+    async def _disconnect(self):
+        """Close websocket connection and clean up tasks."""
+        logger.debug(f"{self}: disconnecting")
+        if self._receive_task:
+            await self.cancel_task(self._receive_task)
+            self._receive_task = None
+
+        await self._disconnect_websocket()
+
+    async def _connect_websocket(self):
+        """Connect to Gradium websocket API with configured settings."""
+        try:
+            if self._websocket and self._websocket.state is State.OPEN:
+                return
+
+            headers = {"x-api-key": self._api_key, "x-api-source": "pipecat"}
+            self._websocket = await websocket_connect(self._url, additional_headers=headers)
+
+            setup_msg = {
+                "type": "setup",
+                "output_format": "pcm",
+                "voice_id": self._voice_id,
+            }
+            if self._json_config is not None:
+                setup_msg["json_config"] = self._json_config
+            await self._websocket.send(json.dumps(setup_msg))
+            ready_msg = await self._websocket.recv()
+            ready_msg = json.loads(ready_msg)
+            if ready_msg["type"] == "error":
+                raise Exception(f"received error {ready_msg['message']}")
+            if ready_msg["type"] != "ready":
+                raise Exception(f"unexpected first message type {ready_msg['type']}")
+
+            await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
+        except Exception as e:
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
+            self._websocket = None
+            await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
+
+    async def _disconnect_websocket(self):
+        """Close websocket connection and reset state."""
+        try:
+            await self.stop_all_metrics()
+            if self._websocket:
+                await self._websocket.close()
+        except Exception as e:
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
+        finally:
+            self._websocket = None
+            await self._call_event_handler("on_disconnected")
+
+    def _get_websocket(self):
+        """Get active websocket connection or raise exception."""
+        if self._websocket:
+            return self._websocket
+        raise Exception("Websocket not connected")
+
+    async def flush_audio(self):
+        """Flush any pending audio synthesis."""
+        if not self._websocket:
+            return
+        try:
+            msg = {"type": "end_of_stream"}
+            await self._websocket.send(json.dumps(msg))
+        except ConnectionClosedOK:
+            logger.debug(f"{self}: connection closed normally during flush")
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
+
+    async def _receive_messages(self):
+        """Process incoming websocket messages."""
+        # TODO(laurent): This should not be necessary as it should happen when
+        # receiving the messages but this does not seem to always be the case
+        # and that may lead to a busy polling loop.
+        if self._websocket and self._websocket.state is State.CLOSED:
+            raise ConnectionClosedOK(None, None)
+        async for message in self._get_websocket():
+            msg = json.loads(message)
+
+            if msg["type"] == "audio":
+                # Process audio chunk
+                await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
+                self.start_word_timestamps()
+                frame = TTSAudioRawFrame(
+                    audio=base64.b64decode(msg["audio"]),
+                    sample_rate=self.sample_rate,
+                    num_channels=1,
+                )
+                await self.push_frame(frame)
+
+            elif msg["type"] == "text":
+                await self.add_word_timestamps([(msg["text"], msg["start_s"])])
+            elif msg["type"] == "end_of_stream":
+                await self.push_frame(TTSStoppedFrame())
+                await self.stop_all_metrics()
+
+            elif msg["type"] == "error":
+                await self.push_frame(TTSStoppedFrame())
+                await self.stop_all_metrics()
+                await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error: {msg['message']}")
+
+    async def push_frame(self, frame: Frame, direction: FrameDirection = FrameDirection.DOWNSTREAM):
+        """Push frame and handle end-of-turn conditions.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: The frame to push.
+            direction: The direction to push the frame.
+        """
+        await super().push_frame(frame, direction)
+
+    @traced_tts
+    async def run_tts(self, text: str) -> AsyncGenerator[Frame, None]:
+        """Generate speech from text using Gradium's streaming API.
+
+        Args:
+            text: The text to convert to speech.
+
+        Yields:
+            Frame: Audio frames containing the synthesized speech.
+        """
+        _state = self._websocket.state if self._websocket is not None else None
+        logger.debug(f"{self}: Generating TTS [{text}] {_state}")
+        try:
+            if not self._websocket or self._websocket.state is State.CLOSED:
+                self._websocket = None
+                await self._connect()
+
+            try:
+                yield TTSStartedFrame()
+
+                msg = self._build_msg(text=text)
+                await self._get_websocket().send(json.dumps(msg))
+                await self.start_tts_usage_metrics(text)
+            except Exception as e:
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
+                yield TTSStoppedFrame()
+                await self._disconnect()
+                await self._connect()
+                return
+            yield None
+        except Exception as e:
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")

src/pipecat/services/grok/llm.py

@@ -123,6 +123,8 @@ class GrokLLMService(OpenAILLMService):
         self._prompt_tokens = 0
         self._completion_tokens = 0
         self._total_tokens = 0
+        self._cache_read_input_tokens = None
+        self._reasoning_tokens = None
         self._has_reported_prompt_tokens = False
         self._is_processing = True
 
@@ -137,6 +139,8 @@ class GrokLLMService(OpenAILLMService):
                     prompt_tokens=self._prompt_tokens,
                     completion_tokens=self._completion_tokens,
                     total_tokens=self._total_tokens,
+                    cache_read_input_tokens=self._cache_read_input_tokens,
+                    reasoning_tokens=self._reasoning_tokens,
                 )
                 await super().start_llm_usage_metrics(tokens)
 
@@ -149,7 +153,7 @@ class GrokLLMService(OpenAILLMService):
 
         Args:
             tokens: The token usage metrics for the current chunk of processing,
-                containing prompt_tokens and completion_tokens counts.
+                containing prompt_tokens, completion_tokens, and optional cached/reasoning tokens.
         """
         # Only accumulate metrics during active processing
         if not self._is_processing:
@@ -164,6 +168,13 @@ class GrokLLMService(OpenAILLMService):
         if tokens.completion_tokens > self._completion_tokens:
             self._completion_tokens = tokens.completion_tokens
 
+        # Capture cached & reasoning tokens (these typically only appear once per request)
+        if tokens.cache_read_input_tokens is not None:
+            self._cache_read_input_tokens = tokens.cache_read_input_tokens
+
+        if tokens.reasoning_tokens is not None:
+            self._reasoning_tokens = tokens.reasoning_tokens
+
     def create_context_aggregator(
         self,
         context: OpenAILLMContext,

src/pipecat/services/groq/tts.py

@@ -146,7 +146,6 @@ class GroqTTSService(TTSService):
                     bytes = w.readframes(num_frames)
                     yield TTSAudioRawFrame(bytes, frame_rate, channels)
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
 
         yield TTSStoppedFrame()

src/pipecat/services/heygen/client.py

@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ class HeyGenClient:
                 await self._task_manager.cancel_task(self._event_task)
                 self._event_task = None
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.exception(f"Exception during cleanup: {e}")
+            logger.error(f"Exception during cleanup: {e}")
 
     async def start(self, frame: StartFrame, audio_chunk_size: int) -> None:
         """Start the client and establish all necessary connections.

src/pipecat/services/hume/tts.py

@@ -8,10 +8,14 @@ import base64
 import os
 from typing import Any, AsyncGenerator, Optional
 
+import httpx
 from loguru import logger
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
+from pipecat import __version__
 from pipecat.frames.frames import (
+    CancelFrame,
+    EndFrame,
     ErrorFrame,
     Frame,
     InterruptionFrame,
@@ -26,11 +30,7 @@ from pipecat.utils.tracing.service_decorators import traced_tts
 
 try:
     from hume import AsyncHumeClient
-    from hume.tts import (
-        FormatPcm,
-        PostedUtterance,
-        PostedUtteranceVoiceWithId,
-    )
+    from hume.tts import FormatPcm, PostedUtterance, PostedUtteranceVoiceWithId
     from hume.tts.types import TimestampMessage
 except ModuleNotFoundError as e:  # pragma: no cover - import-time guidance
     logger.error(f"Exception: {e}")
@@ -40,6 +40,12 @@ except ModuleNotFoundError as e:  # pragma: no cover - import-time guidance
 
 HUME_SAMPLE_RATE = 48_000  # Hume TTS streams at 48 kHz
 
+# Tracking headers for Hume API requests
+DEFAULT_HEADERS = {
+    "X-Hume-Client-Name": "pipecat",
+    "X-Hume-Client-Version": __version__,
+}
+
 
 class HumeTTSService(WordTTSService):
     """Hume Octave Text-to-Speech service.
@@ -104,7 +110,11 @@ class HumeTTSService(WordTTSService):
             **kwargs,
         )
 
-        self._client = AsyncHumeClient(api_key=api_key)
+        # Create a custom httpx.AsyncClient with tracking headers
+        # Headers are included in all requests made by the Hume SDK
+        self._http_client = httpx.AsyncClient(headers=DEFAULT_HEADERS)
+
+        self._client = AsyncHumeClient(api_key=api_key, httpx_client=self._http_client)
         self._params = params or HumeTTSService.InputParams()
 
         # Store voice in the base class (mirrors other services)
@@ -138,6 +148,26 @@ class HumeTTSService(WordTTSService):
         self._cumulative_time = 0.0
         self._started = False
 
+    async def stop(self, frame: EndFrame) -> None:
+        """Stop the service and cleanup resources.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: The end frame.
+        """
+        await super().stop(frame)
+        if hasattr(self, "_http_client") and self._http_client:
+            await self._http_client.aclose()
+
+    async def cancel(self, frame: CancelFrame) -> None:
+        """Cancel the service and cleanup resources.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: The cancel frame.
+        """
+        await super().cancel(frame)
+        if hasattr(self, "_http_client") and self._http_client:
+            await self._http_client.aclose()
+
     async def push_frame(self, frame: Frame, direction: FrameDirection = FrameDirection.DOWNSTREAM):
         """Push a frame and handle state changes.
 
@@ -287,8 +317,7 @@ class HumeTTSService(WordTTSService):
                 self._cumulative_time = utterance_duration
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             # Ensure TTFB timer is stopped even on early failures
             await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()

src/pipecat/services/inworld/tts.py

@@ -397,8 +397,7 @@ class InworldTTSService(TTSService):
             # STEP 7: ERROR HANDLING
             # ================================================================================
             # Log any unexpected errors and notify the pipeline
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             # ================================================================================
             # STEP 8: CLEANUP AND COMPLETION
@@ -513,7 +512,7 @@ class InworldTTSService(TTSService):
         # Extract the base64-encoded audio content from response
         if "audioContent" not in response_data:
             logger.error("No audioContent in Inworld API response")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error="No audioContent in response"))
+            yield ErrorFrame(error="No audioContent in response")
             return
 
         # ================================================================================

src/pipecat/services/llm_service.py

@@ -173,16 +173,17 @@ class LLMService(AIService):
             run_in_parallel: Whether to run function calls in parallel or sequentially.
                 Defaults to True.
             **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to the parent AIService.
+
         """
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
         self._run_in_parallel = run_in_parallel
         self._start_callbacks = {}
         self._adapter = self.adapter_class()
         self._functions: Dict[Optional[str], FunctionCallRegistryItem] = {}
-        self._function_call_tasks: Dict[asyncio.Task, FunctionCallRunnerItem] = {}
+        self._function_call_tasks: Dict[Optional[asyncio.Task], FunctionCallRunnerItem] = {}
         self._sequential_runner_task: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None
         self._tracing_enabled: bool = False
-        self._skip_tts: bool = False
+        self._skip_tts: Optional[bool] = None
 
         self._register_event_handler("on_function_calls_started")
         self._register_event_handler("on_completion_timeout")
@@ -293,7 +294,8 @@ class LLMService(AIService):
             direction: The direction of frame pushing.
         """
         if isinstance(frame, (LLMTextFrame, LLMFullResponseStartFrame, LLMFullResponseEndFrame)):
-            frame.skip_tts = self._skip_tts
+            if self._skip_tts is not None:
+                frame.skip_tts = self._skip_tts
 
         await super().push_frame(frame, direction)
 
@@ -435,6 +437,7 @@ class LLMService(AIService):
 
         await self.broadcast_frame(FunctionCallsStartedFrame, function_calls=function_calls)
 
+        runner_items = []
         for function_call in function_calls:
             if function_call.function_name in self._functions.keys():
                 item = self._functions[function_call.function_name]
@@ -446,28 +449,20 @@ class LLMService(AIService):
                 )
                 continue
 
-            runner_item = FunctionCallRunnerItem(
-                registry_item=item,
-                function_name=function_call.function_name,
-                tool_call_id=function_call.tool_call_id,
-                arguments=function_call.arguments,
-                context=function_call.context,
+            runner_items.append(
+                FunctionCallRunnerItem(
+                    registry_item=item,
+                    function_name=function_call.function_name,
+                    tool_call_id=function_call.tool_call_id,
+                    arguments=function_call.arguments,
+                    context=function_call.context,
+                )
             )
 
-            if self._run_in_parallel:
-                task = self.create_task(self._run_function_call(runner_item))
-                self._function_call_tasks[task] = runner_item
-                task.add_done_callback(self._function_call_task_finished)
-            else:
-                await self._sequential_runner_queue.put(runner_item)
-
-    async def _call_start_function(
-        self, context: OpenAILLMContext | LLMContext, function_name: str
-    ):
-        if function_name in self._start_callbacks.keys():
-            await self._start_callbacks[function_name](function_name, self, context)
-        elif None in self._start_callbacks.keys():
-            return await self._start_callbacks[None](function_name, self, context)
+        if self._run_in_parallel:
+            await self._run_parallel_function_calls(runner_items)
+        else:
+            await self._run_sequential_function_calls(runner_items)
 
     async def request_image_frame(
         self,
@@ -540,6 +535,27 @@ class LLMService(AIService):
             await task
             del self._function_call_tasks[task]
 
+    async def _run_parallel_function_calls(self, runner_items: Sequence[FunctionCallRunnerItem]):
+        tasks = []
+        for runner_item in runner_items:
+            task = self.create_task(self._run_function_call(runner_item))
+            tasks.append(task)
+            self._function_call_tasks[task] = runner_item
+            task.add_done_callback(self._function_call_task_finished)
+
+    async def _run_sequential_function_calls(self, runner_items: Sequence[FunctionCallRunnerItem]):
+        # Enqueue all function calls for background execution.
+        for runner_item in runner_items:
+            await self._sequential_runner_queue.put(runner_item)
+
+    async def _call_start_function(
+        self, context: OpenAILLMContext | LLMContext, function_name: str
+    ):
+        if function_name in self._start_callbacks.keys():
+            await self._start_callbacks[function_name](function_name, self, context)
+        elif None in self._start_callbacks.keys():
+            return await self._start_callbacks[None](function_name, self, context)
+
     async def _run_function_call(self, runner_item: FunctionCallRunnerItem):
         if runner_item.function_name in self._functions.keys():
             item = self._functions[runner_item.function_name]
@@ -623,20 +639,19 @@ class LLMService(AIService):
                 name = runner_item.function_name
                 tool_call_id = runner_item.tool_call_id
 
-                # We remove the callback because we are going to cancel the task
-                # now, otherwise we will be removing it from the set while we
-                # are iterating.
-                task.remove_done_callback(self._function_call_task_finished)
-
                 logger.debug(f"{self} Cancelling function call [{name}:{tool_call_id}]...")
 
-                await self.cancel_task(task)
+                if task:
+                    # We remove the callback because we are going to cancel the
+                    # task next, otherwise we will be removing it from the set
+                    # while we are iterating.
+                    task.remove_done_callback(self._function_call_task_finished)
+                    await self.cancel_task(task)
+                    cancelled_tasks.add(task)
 
                 frame = FunctionCallCancelFrame(function_name=name, tool_call_id=tool_call_id)
                 await self.push_frame(frame)
 
-                cancelled_tasks.add(task)
-
                 logger.debug(f"{self} Function call [{name}:{tool_call_id}] has been cancelled")
 
         # Remove all cancelled tasks from our set.

src/pipecat/services/lmnt/tts.py

@@ -214,8 +214,7 @@ class LmntTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
 
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
 
@@ -231,8 +230,7 @@ class LmntTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 # await self._websocket.send(json.dumps({"eof": True}))
                 await self._websocket.close()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error disconnecting from LMNT: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._started = False
             self._websocket = None
@@ -266,10 +264,9 @@ class LmntTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 try:
                     msg = json.loads(message)
                     if "error" in msg:
-                        logger.error(f"{self} error: {msg['error']}")
                         await self.push_frame(TTSStoppedFrame())
                         await self.stop_all_metrics()
-                        await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {msg['error']}"))
+                        await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error: {msg['error']}")
                         return
                 except json.JSONDecodeError:
                     logger.error(f"Invalid JSON message: {message}")
@@ -302,13 +299,11 @@ class LmntTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 await self._get_websocket().send(json.dumps({"flush": True}))
                 await self.start_tts_usage_metrics(text)
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
                 await self._disconnect()
                 await self._connect()
                 return
             yield None
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")

src/pipecat/services/mcp_service.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 """MCP (Model Context Protocol) client for integrating external tools with LLMs."""
 
 import json
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, TypeAlias
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, TypeAlias
 
 from loguru import logger
 
@@ -46,17 +46,24 @@ class MCPClient(BaseObject):
     def __init__(
         self,
         server_params: ServerParameters,
+        tools_filter: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        tools_output_filters: Optional[Dict[str, Callable[[Any], Any]]] = None,
         **kwargs,
     ):
         """Initialize the MCP client with server parameters.
 
         Args:
             server_params: Server connection parameters (stdio or SSE).
+            tools_filter: Optional list of tool names to register. If None, all tools are registered.
+            tools_output_filters: Optional dict mapping tool names to filter functions that process tool outputs.
+                                  Each filter function receives the raw tool output (any type) and returns the processed output (any type).
             **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to the parent BaseObject.
         """
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
         self._server_params = server_params
         self._session = ClientSession
+        self._tools_filter = tools_filter
+        self._tools_output_filters = tools_output_filters or {}
 
         if isinstance(server_params, StdioServerParameters):
             self._client = stdio_client
@@ -176,7 +183,6 @@ class MCPClient(BaseObject):
         except Exception as e:
             error_msg = f"Error calling mcp tool {params.function_name}: {str(e)}"
             logger.error(error_msg)
-            logger.exception("Full exception details:")
             await params.result_callback(error_msg)
 
     async def _stdio_list_tools(self) -> ToolsSchema:
@@ -207,7 +213,6 @@ class MCPClient(BaseObject):
         except Exception as e:
             error_msg = f"Error calling mcp tool {params.function_name}: {str(e)}"
             logger.error(error_msg)
-            logger.exception("Full exception details:")
             await params.result_callback(error_msg)
 
     async def _streamable_http_list_tools(self) -> ToolsSchema:
@@ -246,7 +251,6 @@ class MCPClient(BaseObject):
         except Exception as e:
             error_msg = f"Error calling mcp tool {params.function_name}: {str(e)}"
             logger.error(error_msg)
-            logger.exception("Full exception details:")
             await params.result_callback(error_msg)
 
     async def _call_tool(self, session, function_name, arguments, result_callback):
@@ -267,13 +271,26 @@ class MCPClient(BaseObject):
                     else:
                         # logger.debug(f"Non-text result content: '{content}'")
                         pass
-                logger.info(f"Tool '{function_name}' completed successfully")
-                logger.debug(f"Final response: {response}")
             else:
                 logger.error(f"Error getting content from {function_name} results.")
 
-        final_response = response if len(response) else "Sorry, could not call the mcp tool"
-        await result_callback(final_response)
+        # Apply output filter if configured for this tool
+        if function_name in self._tools_output_filters:
+            try:
+                response = self._tools_output_filters[function_name](response)
+                logger.debug(f"Final response (after filter): {response}")
+
+            except Exception:
+                logger.error(f"Error applying output filter for {function_name}")
+                response = ""
+
+        if response and len(response) and isinstance(response, str):
+            logger.info(f"Tool '{function_name}' completed successfully")
+            logger.debug(f"Final response: {response}")
+        else:
+            response = "Sorry, could not call the mcp tool"
+
+        await result_callback(response)
 
     async def _list_tools_helper(self, session):
         available_tools = await session.list_tools()
@@ -286,6 +303,12 @@ class MCPClient(BaseObject):
 
         for tool in available_tools.tools:
             tool_name = tool.name
+
+            # Apply tools filter if configured
+            if self._tools_filter and tool_name not in self._tools_filter:
+                logger.debug(f"Skipping tool '{tool_name}' - not in allowed tools list")
+                continue
+
             logger.debug(f"Processing tool: {tool_name}")
             logger.debug(f"Tool description: {tool.description}")
 
@@ -302,7 +325,6 @@ class MCPClient(BaseObject):
 
             except Exception as e:
                 logger.error(f"Failed to read tool '{tool_name}': {str(e)}")
-                logger.exception("Full exception details:")
                 continue
 
         logger.debug(f"Completed reading {len(tool_schemas)} tools")

src/pipecat/services/mem0/memory.py

@@ -253,8 +253,9 @@ class Mem0MemoryService(FrameProcessor):
                     # Otherwise, pass the enhanced context frame downstream
                     await self.push_frame(frame)
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"Error processing with Mem0: {str(e)}")
-                await self.push_frame(ErrorFrame(f"Error processing with Mem0: {str(e)}"))
+                await self.push_error(
+                    error_msg=f"Error processing with Mem0: {str(e)}", exception=e
+                )
                 await self.push_frame(frame)  # Still pass the original frame through
         else:
             # For non-context frames, just pass them through

src/pipecat/services/minimax/tts.py

@@ -314,7 +314,6 @@ class MiniMaxHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             ) as response:
                 if response.status != 200:
                     error_message = f"MiniMax TTS error: HTTP {response.status}"
-                    logger.error(error_message)
                     yield ErrorFrame(error=error_message)
                     return
 
@@ -392,8 +391,7 @@ class MiniMaxHttpTTSService(TTSService):
                             continue
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
             yield TTSStoppedFrame()

src/pipecat/services/moondream/vision.py

@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ class MoondreamService(VisionService):
                   if analysis fails.
         """
         if not self._model:
-            logger.error(f"{self} error: Moondream model not available ({self.model_name})")
             yield ErrorFrame("Moondream model not available")
             return
 

src/pipecat/services/neuphonic/tts.py

@@ -285,8 +285,7 @@ class NeuphonicTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
 
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connected")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
 
@@ -299,8 +298,7 @@ class NeuphonicTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 logger.debug("Disconnecting from Neuphonic")
                 await self._websocket.close()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._started = False
             self._websocket = None
@@ -365,16 +363,14 @@ class NeuphonicTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 await self._send_text(text)
                 await self.start_tts_usage_metrics(text)
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
                 await self._disconnect()
                 await self._connect()
                 return
             yield None
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
 
 
 class NeuphonicHttpTTSService(TTSService):
@@ -538,7 +534,6 @@ class NeuphonicHttpTTSService(TTSService):
                 if response.status != 200:
                     error_text = await response.text()
                     error_message = f"Neuphonic API error: HTTP {response.status} - {error_text}"
-                    logger.error(error_message)
                     yield ErrorFrame(error=error_message)
                     return
 
@@ -568,8 +563,7 @@ class NeuphonicHttpTTSService(TTSService):
                             yield TTSAudioRawFrame(audio_bytes, self.sample_rate, 1)
 
                     except Exception as e:
-                        logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                        yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                        yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                         # Don't yield error frame for individual message failures
                         continue
 
@@ -577,8 +571,7 @@ class NeuphonicHttpTTSService(TTSService):
             logger.debug("TTS generation cancelled")
             raise
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
         finally:
             await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
             yield TTSStoppedFrame()

src/pipecat/services/nim/llm.py

@@ -8,98 +8,23 @@
 
 This module provides a service for interacting with NVIDIA's NIM (NVIDIA Inference
 Microservice) API while maintaining compatibility with the OpenAI-style interface.
+
+.. deprecated:: 0.0.96
+    This module is deprecated. Please NvidiaLLMService from
+    pipecat.services.nvidia.llm instead.
 """
 
-from pipecat.metrics.metrics import LLMTokenUsage
-from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_context import LLMContext
-from pipecat.processors.aggregators.openai_llm_context import OpenAILLMContext
-from pipecat.services.openai.llm import OpenAILLMService
+import warnings
 
+from pipecat.services.nvidia.llm import NvidiaLLMService
 
-class NimLLMService(OpenAILLMService):
-    """A service for interacting with NVIDIA's NIM (NVIDIA Inference Microservice) API.
+with warnings.catch_warnings():
+    warnings.simplefilter("always")
+    warnings.warn(
+        "NimLLMService from pipecat.services.nim.llm is deprecated. "
+        "Please use NvidiaLLMService from pipecat.services.nvidia.llm instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
 
-    This service extends OpenAILLMService to work with NVIDIA's NIM API while maintaining
-    compatibility with the OpenAI-style interface. It specifically handles the difference
-    in token usage reporting between NIM (incremental) and OpenAI (final summary).
-    """
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        *,
-        api_key: str,
-        base_url: str = "https://integrate.api.nvidia.com/v1",
-        model: str = "nvidia/llama-3.1-nemotron-70b-instruct",
-        **kwargs,
-    ):
-        """Initialize the NimLLMService.
-
-        Args:
-            api_key: The API key for accessing NVIDIA's NIM API.
-            base_url: The base URL for NIM API. Defaults to "https://integrate.api.nvidia.com/v1".
-            model: The model identifier to use. Defaults to "nvidia/llama-3.1-nemotron-70b-instruct".
-            **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments passed to OpenAILLMService.
-        """
-        super().__init__(api_key=api_key, base_url=base_url, model=model, **kwargs)
-        # Counters for accumulating token usage metrics
-        self._prompt_tokens = 0
-        self._completion_tokens = 0
-        self._total_tokens = 0
-        self._has_reported_prompt_tokens = False
-        self._is_processing = False
-
-    async def _process_context(self, context: OpenAILLMContext | LLMContext):
-        """Process a context through the LLM and accumulate token usage metrics.
-
-        This method overrides the parent class implementation to handle NVIDIA's
-        incremental token reporting style, accumulating the counts and reporting
-        them once at the end of processing.
-
-        Args:
-            context: The context to process, containing messages and other information
-                needed for the LLM interaction.
-        """
-        # Reset all counters and flags at the start of processing
-        self._prompt_tokens = 0
-        self._completion_tokens = 0
-        self._total_tokens = 0
-        self._has_reported_prompt_tokens = False
-        self._is_processing = True
-
-        try:
-            await super()._process_context(context)
-        finally:
-            self._is_processing = False
-            # Report final accumulated token usage at the end of processing
-            if self._prompt_tokens > 0 or self._completion_tokens > 0:
-                self._total_tokens = self._prompt_tokens + self._completion_tokens
-                tokens = LLMTokenUsage(
-                    prompt_tokens=self._prompt_tokens,
-                    completion_tokens=self._completion_tokens,
-                    total_tokens=self._total_tokens,
-                )
-                await super().start_llm_usage_metrics(tokens)
-
-    async def start_llm_usage_metrics(self, tokens: LLMTokenUsage):
-        """Accumulate token usage metrics during processing.
-
-        This method intercepts the incremental token updates from NVIDIA's API
-        and accumulates them instead of passing each update to the metrics system.
-        The final accumulated totals are reported at the end of processing.
-
-        Args:
-            tokens: The token usage metrics for the current chunk of processing,
-                containing prompt_tokens and completion_tokens counts.
-        """
-        # Only accumulate metrics during active processing
-        if not self._is_processing:
-            return
-
-        # Record prompt tokens the first time we see them
-        if not self._has_reported_prompt_tokens and tokens.prompt_tokens > 0:
-            self._prompt_tokens = tokens.prompt_tokens
-            self._has_reported_prompt_tokens = True
-
-        # Update completion tokens count if it has increased
-        if tokens.completion_tokens > self._completion_tokens:
-            self._completion_tokens = tokens.completion_tokens
+NimLLMService = NvidiaLLMService

src/pipecat/services/nvidia/llm.py

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2024–2025, Daily
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD 2-Clause License
+#
+
+"""NVIDIA NIM API service implementation.
+
+This module provides a service for interacting with NVIDIA's NIM (NVIDIA Inference
+Microservice) API while maintaining compatibility with the OpenAI-style interface.
+"""
+
+from pipecat.metrics.metrics import LLMTokenUsage
+from pipecat.processors.aggregators.llm_context import LLMContext
+from pipecat.processors.aggregators.openai_llm_context import OpenAILLMContext
+from pipecat.services.openai.llm import OpenAILLMService
+
+
+class NvidiaLLMService(OpenAILLMService):
+    """A service for interacting with NVIDIA's NIM (NVIDIA Inference Microservice) API.
+
+    This service extends OpenAILLMService to work with NVIDIA's NIM API while maintaining
+    compatibility with the OpenAI-style interface. It specifically handles the difference
+    in token usage reporting between NIM (incremental) and OpenAI (final summary).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        api_key: str,
+        base_url: str = "https://integrate.api.nvidia.com/v1",
+        model: str = "nvidia/llama-3.1-nemotron-70b-instruct",
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        """Initialize the NvidiaLLMService.
+
+        Args:
+            api_key: The API key for accessing NVIDIA's NIM API.
+            base_url: The base URL for NIM API. Defaults to "https://integrate.api.nvidia.com/v1".
+            model: The model identifier to use. Defaults to "nvidia/llama-3.1-nemotron-70b-instruct".
+            **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments passed to OpenAILLMService.
+        """
+        super().__init__(api_key=api_key, base_url=base_url, model=model, **kwargs)
+        # Counters for accumulating token usage metrics
+        self._prompt_tokens = 0
+        self._completion_tokens = 0
+        self._total_tokens = 0
+        self._has_reported_prompt_tokens = False
+        self._is_processing = False
+
+    async def _process_context(self, context: OpenAILLMContext | LLMContext):
+        """Process a context through the LLM and accumulate token usage metrics.
+
+        This method overrides the parent class implementation to handle NVIDIA's
+        incremental token reporting style, accumulating the counts and reporting
+        them once at the end of processing.
+
+        Args:
+            context: The context to process, containing messages and other information
+                needed for the LLM interaction.
+        """
+        # Reset all counters and flags at the start of processing
+        self._prompt_tokens = 0
+        self._completion_tokens = 0
+        self._total_tokens = 0
+        self._has_reported_prompt_tokens = False
+        self._is_processing = True
+
+        try:
+            await super()._process_context(context)
+        finally:
+            self._is_processing = False
+            # Report final accumulated token usage at the end of processing
+            if self._prompt_tokens > 0 or self._completion_tokens > 0:
+                self._total_tokens = self._prompt_tokens + self._completion_tokens
+                tokens = LLMTokenUsage(
+                    prompt_tokens=self._prompt_tokens,
+                    completion_tokens=self._completion_tokens,
+                    total_tokens=self._total_tokens,
+                )
+                await super().start_llm_usage_metrics(tokens)
+
+    async def start_llm_usage_metrics(self, tokens: LLMTokenUsage):
+        """Accumulate token usage metrics during processing.
+
+        This method intercepts the incremental token updates from NVIDIA's API
+        and accumulates them instead of passing each update to the metrics system.
+        The final accumulated totals are reported at the end of processing.
+
+        Args:
+            tokens: The token usage metrics for the current chunk of processing,
+                containing prompt_tokens and completion_tokens counts.
+        """
+        # Only accumulate metrics during active processing
+        if not self._is_processing:
+            return
+
+        # Record prompt tokens the first time we see them
+        if not self._has_reported_prompt_tokens and tokens.prompt_tokens > 0:
+            self._prompt_tokens = tokens.prompt_tokens
+            self._has_reported_prompt_tokens = True
+
+        # Update completion tokens count if it has increased
+        if tokens.completion_tokens > self._completion_tokens:
+            self._completion_tokens = tokens.completion_tokens

src/pipecat/services/nvidia/stt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,663 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2024–2025, Daily
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD 2-Clause License
+#
+
+"""NVIDIA Riva Speech-to-Text service implementations for real-time and batch transcription."""
+
+import asyncio
+from concurrent.futures import CancelledError as FuturesCancelledError
+from typing import AsyncGenerator, List, Mapping, Optional
+
+from loguru import logger
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from pipecat.frames.frames import (
+    CancelFrame,
+    EndFrame,
+    ErrorFrame,
+    Frame,
+    InterimTranscriptionFrame,
+    StartFrame,
+    TranscriptionFrame,
+)
+from pipecat.services.stt_service import SegmentedSTTService, STTService
+from pipecat.transcriptions.language import Language, resolve_language
+from pipecat.utils.time import time_now_iso8601
+from pipecat.utils.tracing.service_decorators import traced_stt
+
+try:
+    import riva.client
+
+except ModuleNotFoundError as e:
+    logger.error(f"Exception: {e}")
+    logger.error("In order to use NVIDIA Riva STT, you need to `pip install pipecat-ai[nvidia]`.")
+    raise Exception(f"Missing module: {e}")
+
+
+def language_to_nvidia_riva_language(language: Language) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Maps Language enum to NVIDIA Riva ASR language codes.
+
+    Source:
+    https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/riva/user-guide/docs/asr/asr-riva-build-table.html?highlight=fr%20fr
+
+    Args:
+        language: Language enum value.
+
+    Returns:
+        Optional[str]: NVIDIA Riva language code or None if not supported.
+    """
+    LANGUAGE_MAP = {
+        # Arabic
+        Language.AR: "ar-AR",
+        # English
+        Language.EN: "en-US",  # Default to US
+        Language.EN_US: "en-US",
+        Language.EN_GB: "en-GB",
+        # French
+        Language.FR: "fr-FR",
+        Language.FR_FR: "fr-FR",
+        # German
+        Language.DE: "de-DE",
+        Language.DE_DE: "de-DE",
+        # Hindi
+        Language.HI: "hi-IN",
+        Language.HI_IN: "hi-IN",
+        # Italian
+        Language.IT: "it-IT",
+        Language.IT_IT: "it-IT",
+        # Japanese
+        Language.JA: "ja-JP",
+        Language.JA_JP: "ja-JP",
+        # Korean
+        Language.KO: "ko-KR",
+        Language.KO_KR: "ko-KR",
+        # Portuguese
+        Language.PT: "pt-BR",  # Default to Brazilian
+        Language.PT_BR: "pt-BR",
+        # Russian
+        Language.RU: "ru-RU",
+        Language.RU_RU: "ru-RU",
+        # Spanish
+        Language.ES: "es-ES",  # Default to Spain
+        Language.ES_ES: "es-ES",
+        Language.ES_US: "es-US",  # US Spanish
+    }
+
+    return resolve_language(language, LANGUAGE_MAP, use_base_code=False)
+
+
+class NvidiaSTTService(STTService):
+    """Real-time speech-to-text service using NVIDIA Riva streaming ASR.
+
+    Provides real-time transcription capabilities using NVIDIA's Riva ASR models
+    through streaming recognition. Supports interim results and continuous audio
+    processing for low-latency applications.
+    """
+
+    class InputParams(BaseModel):
+        """Configuration parameters for NVIDIA Riva STT service.
+
+        Parameters:
+            language: Target language for transcription. Defaults to EN_US.
+        """
+
+        language: Optional[Language] = Language.EN_US
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        api_key: str,
+        server: str = "grpc.nvcf.nvidia.com:443",
+        model_function_map: Mapping[str, str] = {
+            "function_id": "1598d209-5e27-4d3c-8079-4751568b1081",
+            "model_name": "parakeet-ctc-1.1b-asr",
+        },
+        sample_rate: Optional[int] = None,
+        params: Optional[InputParams] = None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        """Initialize the NVIDIA Riva STT service.
+
+        Args:
+            api_key: NVIDIA API key for authentication.
+            server: NVIDIA Riva server address. Defaults to NVIDIA Cloud Function endpoint.
+            model_function_map: Mapping containing 'function_id' and 'model_name' for the ASR model.
+            sample_rate: Audio sample rate in Hz. If None, uses pipeline default.
+            params: Additional configuration parameters for NVIDIA Riva.
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to STTService.
+        """
+        super().__init__(sample_rate=sample_rate, **kwargs)
+
+        params = params or NvidiaSTTService.InputParams()
+
+        self._api_key = api_key
+        self._profanity_filter = False
+        self._automatic_punctuation = True
+        self._no_verbatim_transcripts = False
+        self._language_code = params.language
+        self._boosted_lm_words = None
+        self._boosted_lm_score = 4.0
+        self._start_history = -1
+        self._start_threshold = -1.0
+        self._stop_history = -1
+        self._stop_threshold = -1.0
+        self._stop_history_eou = -1
+        self._stop_threshold_eou = -1.0
+        self._custom_configuration = ""
+        self._function_id = model_function_map.get("function_id")
+
+        self._settings = {
+            "language": str(params.language),
+            "profanity_filter": self._profanity_filter,
+            "automatic_punctuation": self._automatic_punctuation,
+            "verbatim_transcripts": not self._no_verbatim_transcripts,
+            "boosted_lm_words": self._boosted_lm_words,
+            "boosted_lm_score": self._boosted_lm_score,
+        }
+
+        self.set_model_name(model_function_map.get("model_name"))
+
+        metadata = [
+            ["function-id", self._function_id],
+            ["authorization", f"Bearer {api_key}"],
+        ]
+        auth = riva.client.Auth(None, True, server, metadata)
+
+        self._asr_service = riva.client.ASRService(auth)
+
+        self._queue = None
+        self._config = None
+        self._thread_task = None
+        self._response_task = None
+
+    def can_generate_metrics(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if this service can generate processing metrics.
+
+        Returns:
+            False - this service does not support metrics generation.
+        """
+        return False
+
+    async def set_model(self, model: str):
+        """Set the ASR model for transcription.
+
+        Args:
+            model: Model name to set.
+
+        Note:
+            Model cannot be changed after initialization. Use model_function_map
+            parameter in constructor instead.
+        """
+        logger.warning(f"Cannot set model after initialization. Set model and function id like so:")
+        example = {"function_id": "<UUID>", "model_name": "<model_name>"}
+        logger.warning(
+            f"{self.__class__.__name__}(api_key=<api_key>, model_function_map={example})"
+        )
+
+    async def start(self, frame: StartFrame):
+        """Start the NVIDIA Riva STT service and initialize streaming configuration.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: StartFrame indicating pipeline start.
+        """
+        await super().start(frame)
+
+        if self._config:
+            return
+
+        config = riva.client.StreamingRecognitionConfig(
+            config=riva.client.RecognitionConfig(
+                encoding=riva.client.AudioEncoding.LINEAR_PCM,
+                language_code=self._language_code,
+                model="",
+                max_alternatives=1,
+                profanity_filter=self._profanity_filter,
+                enable_automatic_punctuation=self._automatic_punctuation,
+                verbatim_transcripts=not self._no_verbatim_transcripts,
+                sample_rate_hertz=self.sample_rate,
+                audio_channel_count=1,
+            ),
+            interim_results=True,
+        )
+
+        riva.client.add_word_boosting_to_config(
+            config, self._boosted_lm_words, self._boosted_lm_score
+        )
+
+        riva.client.add_endpoint_parameters_to_config(
+            config,
+            self._start_history,
+            self._start_threshold,
+            self._stop_history,
+            self._stop_history_eou,
+            self._stop_threshold,
+            self._stop_threshold_eou,
+        )
+        riva.client.add_custom_configuration_to_config(config, self._custom_configuration)
+
+        self._config = config
+        self._queue = asyncio.Queue()
+
+        if not self._thread_task:
+            self._thread_task = self.create_task(self._thread_task_handler())
+
+        if not self._response_task:
+            self._response_queue = asyncio.Queue()
+            self._response_task = self.create_task(self._response_task_handler())
+
+    async def stop(self, frame: EndFrame):
+        """Stop the NVIDIA Riva STT service and clean up resources.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: EndFrame indicating pipeline stop.
+        """
+        await super().stop(frame)
+        await self._stop_tasks()
+
+    async def cancel(self, frame: CancelFrame):
+        """Cancel the NVIDIA Riva STT service operation.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: CancelFrame indicating operation cancellation.
+        """
+        await super().cancel(frame)
+        await self._stop_tasks()
+
+    async def _stop_tasks(self):
+        if self._thread_task:
+            await self.cancel_task(self._thread_task)
+            self._thread_task = None
+
+        if self._response_task:
+            await self.cancel_task(self._response_task)
+            self._response_task = None
+
+    def _response_handler(self):
+        responses = self._asr_service.streaming_response_generator(
+            audio_chunks=self,
+            streaming_config=self._config,
+        )
+        for response in responses:
+            if not response.results:
+                continue
+            asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
+                self._response_queue.put(response), self.get_event_loop()
+            )
+
+    async def _thread_task_handler(self):
+        try:
+            self._thread_running = True
+            await asyncio.to_thread(self._response_handler)
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            self._thread_running = False
+            raise
+
+    @traced_stt
+    async def _handle_transcription(
+        self, transcript: str, is_final: bool, language: Optional[Language] = None
+    ):
+        """Handle a transcription result with tracing."""
+        pass
+
+    async def _handle_response(self, response):
+        for result in response.results:
+            if result and not result.alternatives:
+                continue
+
+            transcript = result.alternatives[0].transcript
+            if transcript and len(transcript) > 0:
+                await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
+                if result.is_final:
+                    await self.stop_processing_metrics()
+                    await self.push_frame(
+                        TranscriptionFrame(
+                            transcript,
+                            self._user_id,
+                            time_now_iso8601(),
+                            self._language_code,
+                            result=result,
+                        )
+                    )
+                    await self._handle_transcription(
+                        transcript=transcript,
+                        is_final=result.is_final,
+                        language=self._language_code,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    await self.push_frame(
+                        InterimTranscriptionFrame(
+                            transcript,
+                            self._user_id,
+                            time_now_iso8601(),
+                            self._language_code,
+                            result=result,
+                        )
+                    )
+
+    async def _response_task_handler(self):
+        while True:
+            response = await self._response_queue.get()
+            await self._handle_response(response)
+            self._response_queue.task_done()
+
+    async def run_stt(self, audio: bytes) -> AsyncGenerator[Frame, None]:
+        """Process audio data for speech-to-text transcription.
+
+        Args:
+            audio: Raw audio bytes to transcribe.
+
+        Yields:
+            None - transcription results are pushed to the pipeline via frames.
+        """
+        await self.start_ttfb_metrics()
+        await self.start_processing_metrics()
+        await self._queue.put(audio)
+        yield None
+
+    def __next__(self) -> bytes:
+        """Get the next audio chunk for NVIDIA Riva processing.
+
+        Returns:
+            Audio bytes from the queue.
+
+        Raises:
+            StopIteration: When the thread is no longer running.
+        """
+        if not self._thread_running:
+            raise StopIteration
+
+        try:
+            future = asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(self._queue.get(), self.get_event_loop())
+            return future.result()
+        except FuturesCancelledError:
+            raise StopIteration
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Return iterator for audio chunk processing.
+
+        Returns:
+            Self as iterator.
+        """
+        return self
+
+
+class NvidiaSegmentedSTTService(SegmentedSTTService):
+    """Speech-to-text service using NVIDIA Riva's offline/batch models.
+
+    By default, his service uses NVIDIA's Riva Canary ASR API to perform speech-to-text
+    transcription on audio segments. It inherits from SegmentedSTTService to handle
+    audio buffering and speech detection.
+    """
+
+    class InputParams(BaseModel):
+        """Configuration parameters for NVIDIA Riva segmented STT service.
+
+        Parameters:
+            language: Target language for transcription. Defaults to EN_US.
+            profanity_filter: Whether to filter profanity from results.
+            automatic_punctuation: Whether to add automatic punctuation.
+            verbatim_transcripts: Whether to return verbatim transcripts.
+            boosted_lm_words: List of words to boost in language model.
+            boosted_lm_score: Score boost for specified words.
+        """
+
+        language: Optional[Language] = Language.EN_US
+        profanity_filter: bool = False
+        automatic_punctuation: bool = True
+        verbatim_transcripts: bool = False
+        boosted_lm_words: Optional[List[str]] = None
+        boosted_lm_score: float = 4.0
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        api_key: str,
+        server: str = "grpc.nvcf.nvidia.com:443",
+        model_function_map: Mapping[str, str] = {
+            "function_id": "ee8dc628-76de-4acc-8595-1836e7e857bd",
+            "model_name": "canary-1b-asr",
+        },
+        sample_rate: Optional[int] = None,
+        params: Optional[InputParams] = None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        """Initialize the NVIDIA Riva segmented STT service.
+
+        Args:
+            api_key: NVIDIA API key for authentication
+            server: NVIDIA Riva server address (defaults to NVIDIA Cloud Function endpoint)
+            model_function_map: Mapping of model name and its corresponding NVIDIA Cloud Function ID
+            sample_rate: Audio sample rate in Hz. If not provided, uses the pipeline's rate
+            params: Additional configuration parameters for NVIDIA Riva
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to SegmentedSTTService
+        """
+        super().__init__(sample_rate=sample_rate, **kwargs)
+
+        params = params or NvidiaSegmentedSTTService.InputParams()
+
+        # Set model name
+        self.set_model_name(model_function_map.get("model_name"))
+
+        # Initialize NVIDIA Riva settings
+        self._api_key = api_key
+        self._server = server
+        self._function_id = model_function_map.get("function_id")
+        self._model_name = model_function_map.get("model_name")
+
+        # Store the language as a Language enum and as a string
+        self._language_enum = params.language or Language.EN_US
+        self._language = self.language_to_service_language(self._language_enum) or "en-US"
+
+        # Configure transcription parameters
+        self._profanity_filter = params.profanity_filter
+        self._automatic_punctuation = params.automatic_punctuation
+        self._verbatim_transcripts = params.verbatim_transcripts
+        self._boosted_lm_words = params.boosted_lm_words
+        self._boosted_lm_score = params.boosted_lm_score
+
+        # Voice activity detection thresholds (use NVIDIA Riva defaults)
+        self._start_history = -1
+        self._start_threshold = -1.0
+        self._stop_history = -1
+        self._stop_threshold = -1.0
+        self._stop_history_eou = -1
+        self._stop_threshold_eou = -1.0
+        self._custom_configuration = ""
+
+        # Create NVIDIA Riva client
+        self._config = None
+        self._asr_service = None
+        self._settings = {"language": self._language_enum}
+
+    def language_to_service_language(self, language: Language) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Convert pipecat Language enum to NVIDIA Riva's language code.
+
+        Args:
+            language: Language enum value.
+
+        Returns:
+            NVIDIA Riva language code or None if not supported.
+        """
+        return language_to_nvidia_riva_language(language)
+
+    def _initialize_client(self):
+        """Initialize the NVIDIA Riva ASR client with authentication metadata."""
+        if self._asr_service is not None:
+            return
+
+        # Set up authentication metadata for NVIDIA Cloud Functions
+        metadata = [
+            ["function-id", self._function_id],
+            ["authorization", f"Bearer {self._api_key}"],
+        ]
+
+        # Create authenticated client
+        auth = riva.client.Auth(None, True, self._server, metadata)
+        self._asr_service = riva.client.ASRService(auth)
+
+        logger.info(f"Initialized NvidiaSegmentedSTTService with model: {self.model_name}")
+
+    def _create_recognition_config(self):
+        """Create the NVIDIA Riva ASR recognition configuration."""
+        # Create base configuration
+        config = riva.client.RecognitionConfig(
+            language_code=self._language,  # Now using the string, not a tuple
+            max_alternatives=1,
+            profanity_filter=self._profanity_filter,
+            enable_automatic_punctuation=self._automatic_punctuation,
+            verbatim_transcripts=self._verbatim_transcripts,
+        )
+
+        # Add word boosting if specified
+        if self._boosted_lm_words:
+            riva.client.add_word_boosting_to_config(
+                config, self._boosted_lm_words, self._boosted_lm_score
+            )
+
+        # Add voice activity detection parameters
+        riva.client.add_endpoint_parameters_to_config(
+            config,
+            self._start_history,
+            self._start_threshold,
+            self._stop_history,
+            self._stop_history_eou,
+            self._stop_threshold,
+            self._stop_threshold_eou,
+        )
+
+        # Add any custom configuration
+        if self._custom_configuration:
+            riva.client.add_custom_configuration_to_config(config, self._custom_configuration)
+
+        return config
+
+    def can_generate_metrics(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if this service can generate processing metrics.
+
+        Returns:
+            True - this service supports metrics generation.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    async def set_model(self, model: str):
+        """Set the ASR model for transcription.
+
+        Args:
+            model: Model name to set.
+
+        Note:
+            Model cannot be changed after initialization. Use model_function_map
+            parameter in constructor instead.
+        """
+        logger.warning(f"Cannot set model after initialization. Set model and function id like so:")
+        example = {"function_id": "<UUID>", "model_name": "<model_name>"}
+        logger.warning(
+            f"{self.__class__.__name__}(api_key=<api_key>, model_function_map={example})"
+        )
+
+    async def start(self, frame: StartFrame):
+        """Initialize the service when the pipeline starts.
+
+        Args:
+            frame: StartFrame indicating pipeline start.
+        """
+        await super().start(frame)
+        self._initialize_client()
+        self._config = self._create_recognition_config()
+
+    async def set_language(self, language: Language):
+        """Set the language for the STT service.
+
+        Args:
+            language: Target language for transcription.
+        """
+        logger.info(f"Switching STT language to: [{language}]")
+        self._language_enum = language
+        self._language = self.language_to_service_language(language) or "en-US"
+        self._settings["language"] = language
+
+        # Update configuration with new language
+        if self._config:
+            self._config.language_code = self._language
+
+    @traced_stt
+    async def _handle_transcription(
+        self, transcript: str, is_final: bool, language: Optional[Language] = None
+    ):
+        """Handle a transcription result with tracing."""
+        pass
+
+    async def run_stt(self, audio: bytes) -> AsyncGenerator[Frame, None]:
+        """Transcribe an audio segment.
+
+        Args:
+            audio: Raw audio bytes in WAV format (already converted by base class).
+
+        Yields:
+            Frame: TranscriptionFrame containing the transcribed text.
+        """
+        try:
+            await self.start_processing_metrics()
+            await self.start_ttfb_metrics()
+
+            # Make sure the client is initialized
+            if self._asr_service is None:
+                self._initialize_client()
+
+            # Make sure the config is created
+            if self._config is None:
+                self._config = self._create_recognition_config()
+
+            # Type assertion to satisfy the IDE
+            assert self._asr_service is not None, "ASR service not initialized"
+            assert self._config is not None, "Recognition config not created"
+
+            # Process audio with NVIDIA Riva ASR - explicitly request non-future response
+            raw_response = self._asr_service.offline_recognize(audio, self._config, future=False)
+
+            await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
+            await self.stop_processing_metrics()
+
+            # Process the response - handle different possible return types
+            try:
+                # If it's a future-like object, get the result
+                if hasattr(raw_response, "result"):
+                    response = raw_response.result()
+                else:
+                    response = raw_response
+
+                # Process transcription results
+                transcription_found = False
+
+                # Now we can safely check results
+                # Type hint for the IDE
+                results = getattr(response, "results", [])
+
+                for result in results:
+                    alternatives = getattr(result, "alternatives", [])
+                    if alternatives:
+                        text = alternatives[0].transcript.strip()
+                        if text:
+                            logger.debug(f"Transcription: [{text}]")
+                            yield TranscriptionFrame(
+                                text,
+                                self._user_id,
+                                time_now_iso8601(),
+                                self._language_enum,
+                            )
+                            transcription_found = True
+
+                            await self._handle_transcription(text, True, self._language_enum)
+
+                if not transcription_found:
+                    logger.debug("No transcription results found in NVIDIA Riva response")
+
+            except AttributeError as ae:
+                logger.error(f"Unexpected response structure from NVIDIA Riva: {ae}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(f"Unexpected NVIDIA Riva response format: {str(ae)}")
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")

src/pipecat/services/nvidia/tts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2024–2025, Daily
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD 2-Clause License
+#
+
+"""NVIDIA Riva text-to-speech service implementation.
+
+This module provides integration with NVIDIA Riva's TTS services through
+gRPC API for high-quality speech synthesis.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+from typing import AsyncGenerator, Mapping, Optional
+
+from pipecat.utils.tracing.service_decorators import traced_tts
+
+# Suppress gRPC fork warnings
+os.environ["GRPC_ENABLE_FORK_SUPPORT"] = "false"
+
+from loguru import logger
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from pipecat.frames.frames import (
+    ErrorFrame,
+    Frame,
+    TTSAudioRawFrame,
+    TTSStartedFrame,
+    TTSStoppedFrame,
+)
+from pipecat.services.tts_service import TTSService
+from pipecat.transcriptions.language import Language
+
+try:
+    import riva.client
+
+except ModuleNotFoundError as e:
+    logger.error(f"Exception: {e}")
+    logger.error("In order to use NVIDIA Riva TTS, you need to `pip install pipecat-ai[nvidia]`.")
+    raise Exception(f"Missing module: {e}")
+
+NVIDIA_TTS_TIMEOUT_SECS = 5
+
+
+class NvidiaTTSService(TTSService):
+    """NVIDIA Riva text-to-speech service.
+
+    Provides high-quality text-to-speech synthesis using NVIDIA Riva's
+    cloud-based TTS models. Supports multiple voices, languages, and
+    configurable quality settings.
+    """
+
+    class InputParams(BaseModel):
+        """Input parameters for Riva TTS configuration.
+
+        Parameters:
+            language: Language code for synthesis. Defaults to US English.
+            quality: Audio quality setting (0-100). Defaults to 20.
+        """
+
+        language: Optional[Language] = Language.EN_US
+        quality: Optional[int] = 20
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        api_key: str,
+        server: str = "grpc.nvcf.nvidia.com:443",
+        voice_id: str = "Magpie-Multilingual.EN-US.Aria",
+        sample_rate: Optional[int] = None,
+        model_function_map: Mapping[str, str] = {
+            "function_id": "877104f7-e885-42b9-8de8-f6e4c6303969",
+            "model_name": "magpie-tts-multilingual",
+        },
+        params: Optional[InputParams] = None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        """Initialize the NVIDIA Riva TTS service.
+
+        Args:
+            api_key: NVIDIA API key for authentication.
+            server: gRPC server endpoint. Defaults to NVIDIA's cloud endpoint.
+            voice_id: Voice model identifier. Defaults to multilingual Ray voice.
+            sample_rate: Audio sample rate. If None, uses service default.
+            model_function_map: Dictionary containing function_id and model_name for the TTS model.
+            params: Additional configuration parameters for TTS synthesis.
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to parent TTSService.
+        """
+        super().__init__(sample_rate=sample_rate, **kwargs)
+
+        params = params or NvidiaTTSService.InputParams()
+
+        self._api_key = api_key
+        self._voice_id = voice_id
+        self._language_code = params.language
+        self._quality = params.quality
+        self._function_id = model_function_map.get("function_id")
+
+        self.set_model_name(model_function_map.get("model_name"))
+        self.set_voice(voice_id)
+
+        metadata = [
+            ["function-id", self._function_id],
+            ["authorization", f"Bearer {api_key}"],
+        ]
+        auth = riva.client.Auth(None, True, server, metadata)
+
+        self._service = riva.client.SpeechSynthesisService(auth)
+
+        # warm up the service
+        config_response = self._service.stub.GetRivaSynthesisConfig(
+            riva.client.proto.riva_tts_pb2.RivaSynthesisConfigRequest()
+        )
+
+    async def set_model(self, model: str):
+        """Attempt to set the TTS model.
+
+        Note: Model cannot be changed after initialization for Riva service.
+
+        Args:
+            model: The model name to set (operation not supported).
+        """
+        logger.warning(f"Cannot set model after initialization. Set model and function id like so:")
+        example = {"function_id": "<UUID>", "model_name": "<model_name>"}
+        logger.warning(
+            f"{self.__class__.__name__}(api_key=<api_key>, model_function_map={example})"
+        )
+
+    @traced_tts
+    async def run_tts(self, text: str) -> AsyncGenerator[Frame, None]:
+        """Generate speech from text using NVIDIA Riva TTS.
+
+        Args:
+            text: The text to synthesize into speech.
+
+        Yields:
+            Frame: Audio frames containing the synthesized speech data.
+        """
+
+        def read_audio_responses(queue: asyncio.Queue):
+            def add_response(r):
+                asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(queue.put(r), self.get_event_loop())
+
+            try:
+                responses = self._service.synthesize_online(
+                    text,
+                    self._voice_id,
+                    self._language_code,
+                    sample_rate_hz=self.sample_rate,
+                    zero_shot_audio_prompt_file=None,
+                    zero_shot_quality=self._quality,
+                    custom_dictionary={},
+                )
+                for r in responses:
+                    add_response(r)
+                add_response(None)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
+                add_response(None)
+
+        await self.start_ttfb_metrics()
+        yield TTSStartedFrame()
+
+        logger.debug(f"{self}: Generating TTS [{text}]")
+
+        try:
+            queue = asyncio.Queue()
+            await asyncio.to_thread(read_audio_responses, queue)
+
+            # Wait for the thread to start.
+            resp = await asyncio.wait_for(queue.get(), timeout=NVIDIA_TTS_TIMEOUT_SECS)
+            while resp:
+                await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
+                frame = TTSAudioRawFrame(
+                    audio=resp.audio,
+                    sample_rate=self.sample_rate,
+                    num_channels=1,
+                )
+                yield frame
+                resp = await asyncio.wait_for(queue.get(), timeout=NVIDIA_TTS_TIMEOUT_SECS)
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+            logger.error(f"{self} timeout waiting for audio response")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+
+        await self.start_tts_usage_metrics(text)
+        yield TTSStoppedFrame()

src/pipecat/services/openai/base_llm.py

@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ class BaseOpenAILLMService(LLMService):
         self._retry_timeout_secs = retry_timeout_secs
         self._retry_on_timeout = retry_on_timeout
         self.set_model_name(model)
+        self._full_model_name: str = ""
         self._client = self.create_client(
             api_key=api_key,
             base_url=base_url,
@@ -185,6 +186,22 @@ class BaseOpenAILLMService(LLMService):
         """
         return True
 
+    def set_full_model_name(self, full_model_name: str):
+        """Set the full AI model name.
+
+        Args:
+            full_model_name: The full name of the AI model to use.
+        """
+        self._full_model_name = full_model_name
+
+    def get_full_model_name(self):
+        """Get the current full model name.
+
+        Returns:
+            The full name of the AI model being used.
+        """
+        return self._full_model_name
+
     async def get_chat_completions(
         self, params_from_context: OpenAILLMInvocationParams
     ) -> AsyncStream[ChatCompletionChunk]:
@@ -346,14 +363,23 @@ class BaseOpenAILLMService(LLMService):
                     if chunk.usage.prompt_tokens_details
                     else None
                 )
+                reasoning_tokens = (
+                    chunk.usage.completion_tokens_details.reasoning_tokens
+                    if chunk.usage.completion_tokens_details
+                    else None
+                )
                 tokens = LLMTokenUsage(
                     prompt_tokens=chunk.usage.prompt_tokens,
                     completion_tokens=chunk.usage.completion_tokens,
                     total_tokens=chunk.usage.total_tokens,
                     cache_read_input_tokens=cached_tokens,
+                    reasoning_tokens=reasoning_tokens,
                 )
                 await self.start_llm_usage_metrics(tokens)
 
+            if chunk.model and self.get_full_model_name() != chunk.model:
+                self.set_full_model_name(chunk.model)
+
             if chunk.choices is None or len(chunk.choices) == 0:
                 continue
 

src/pipecat/services/openai/image.py

@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ class OpenAIImageGenService(ImageGenService):
         image_url = image.data[0].url
 
         if not image_url:
-            logger.error(f"{self} No image provided in response: {image}")
             yield ErrorFrame("Image generation failed")
             return
 

src/pipecat/services/openai/realtime/llm.py

@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ from pipecat.processors.aggregators.openai_llm_context import (
 )
 from pipecat.processors.frame_processor import FrameDirection
 from pipecat.services.llm_service import FunctionCallFromLLM, LLMService
-from pipecat.services.openai.llm import OpenAIContextAggregatorPair
 from pipecat.transcriptions.language import Language
 from pipecat.utils.time import time_now_iso8601
 from pipecat.utils.tracing.service_decorators import traced_openai_realtime, traced_stt
@@ -444,7 +443,7 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeLLMService(LLMService):
             )
             self._receive_task = self.create_task(self._receive_task_handler())
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} initialization error: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error connecting: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None
 
     async def _disconnect(self):
@@ -461,7 +460,7 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeLLMService(LLMService):
             self._completed_tool_calls = set()
             self._disconnecting = False
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} error disconnecting: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error disconnecting: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def _ws_send(self, realtime_message):
         try:
@@ -474,12 +473,11 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeLLMService(LLMService):
                 # somehow *started* the websocket send attempt while we still
                 # had a connection)
                 return
-            logger.error(f"Error sending message to websocket: {e}")
             # In server-to-server contexts, a WebSocket error should be quite rare. Given how hard
             # it is to recover from a send-side error with proper state management, and that exponential
             # backoff for retries can have cost/stability implications for a service cluster, let's just
             # treat a send-side error as fatal.
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"Error sending client event: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error sending client event: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def _update_settings(self):
         settings = self._session_properties
@@ -657,10 +655,17 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeLLMService(LLMService):
     async def _handle_evt_response_done(self, evt):
         # todo: figure out whether there's anything we need to do for "cancelled" events
         # usage metrics
+        cached_tokens = (
+            evt.response.usage.input_token_details.cached_tokens
+            if hasattr(evt.response.usage, "input_token_details")
+            and evt.response.usage.input_token_details
+            else None
+        )
         tokens = LLMTokenUsage(
             prompt_tokens=evt.response.usage.input_tokens,
             completion_tokens=evt.response.usage.output_tokens,
             total_tokens=evt.response.usage.total_tokens,
+            cache_read_input_tokens=cached_tokens,
         )
         await self.start_llm_usage_metrics(tokens)
         await self.stop_processing_metrics()
@@ -668,7 +673,7 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeLLMService(LLMService):
         self._current_assistant_response = None
         # error handling
         if evt.response.status == "failed":
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=evt.response.status_details["error"]["message"]))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=evt.response.status_details["error"]["message"])
             return
         # response content
         for item in evt.response.output:
@@ -760,7 +765,7 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeLLMService(LLMService):
 
     async def _handle_evt_error(self, evt):
         # Errors are fatal to this connection. Send an ErrorFrame.
-        await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"Error: {evt}"))
+        await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error: {evt}")
 
     #
     # state and client events for the current conversation
@@ -810,7 +815,7 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeLLMService(LLMService):
             # We're done configuring the LLM for this session
             self._llm_needs_conversation_setup = False
 
-        logger.debug(f"Creating response")
+        logger.debug("Creating response")
 
         await self.push_frame(LLMFullResponseStartFrame())
         await self.start_processing_metrics()

src/pipecat/services/openai/tts.py

@@ -206,5 +206,4 @@ class OpenAITTSService(TTSService):
                         yield frame
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
         except BadRequestError as e:
-            logger.exception(f"{self} error generating TTS: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")

src/pipecat/services/openai_realtime_beta/azure.py

@@ -79,5 +79,5 @@ class AzureRealtimeBetaLLMService(OpenAIRealtimeBetaLLMService):
             )
             self._receive_task = self.create_task(self._receive_task_handler())
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} initialization error: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error connecting: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None

src/pipecat/services/openai_realtime_beta/openai.py

@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeBetaLLMService(LLMService):
             )
             self._receive_task = self.create_task(self._receive_task_handler())
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} initialization error: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error connecting: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None
 
     async def _disconnect(self):
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeBetaLLMService(LLMService):
                 self._receive_task = None
             self._disconnecting = False
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} error disconnecting: {e}")
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error disconnecting: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def _ws_send(self, realtime_message):
         try:
@@ -450,12 +450,11 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeBetaLLMService(LLMService):
         except Exception as e:
             if self._disconnecting:
                 return
-            logger.error(f"Error sending message to websocket: {e}")
             # In server-to-server contexts, a WebSocket error should be quite rare. Given how hard
             # it is to recover from a send-side error with proper state management, and that exponential
             # backoff for retries can have cost/stability implications for a service cluster, let's just
             # treat a send-side error as fatal.
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"Error sending client event: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error sending client event: {e}", exception=e)
 
     async def _update_settings(self):
         settings = self._session_properties
@@ -686,7 +685,7 @@ class OpenAIRealtimeBetaLLMService(LLMService):
 
     async def _handle_evt_error(self, evt):
         # Errors are fatal to this connection. Send an ErrorFrame.
-        await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"Error: {evt}"))
+        await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error: {evt}")
 
     async def _handle_assistant_output(self, output):
         # We haven't seen intermixed audio and function_call items in the same response. But let's

src/pipecat/services/piper/tts.py

@@ -88,9 +88,6 @@ class PiperTTSService(TTSService):
             ) as response:
                 if response.status != 200:
                     error = await response.text()
-                    logger.error(
-                        f"{self} error getting audio (status: {response.status}, error: {error})"
-                    )
                     yield ErrorFrame(
                         error=f"Error getting audio (status: {response.status}, error: {error})"
                     )
@@ -109,7 +106,7 @@ class PiperTTSService(TTSService):
                     yield frame
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
         finally:
             logger.debug(f"{self}: Finished TTS [{text}]")
             await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()

src/pipecat/services/playht/tts.py

@@ -266,8 +266,7 @@ class PlayHTTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error connecting: {e}", exception=e)
             self._websocket = None
             await self._call_event_handler("on_connection_error", f"{e}")
 
@@ -280,8 +279,7 @@ class PlayHTTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 logger.debug("Disconnecting from PlayHT")
                 await self._websocket.close()
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}"))
+            await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error disconnecting: {e}", exception=e)
         finally:
             self._request_id = None
             self._websocket = None
@@ -351,8 +349,7 @@ class PlayHTTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                             await self.push_frame(TTSStoppedFrame())
                             self._request_id = None
                     elif "error" in msg:
-                        logger.error(f"{self} error: {msg}")
-                        await self.push_error(ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {msg['error']}"))
+                        await self.push_error(error_msg=f"Error: {msg['error']}")
                 except json.JSONDecodeError:
                     logger.error(f"Invalid JSON message: {message}")
 
@@ -394,8 +391,7 @@ class PlayHTTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
                 await self._get_websocket().send(json.dumps(tts_command))
                 await self.start_tts_usage_metrics(text)
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+                yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
                 yield TTSStoppedFrame()
                 await self._disconnect()
                 await self._connect()
@@ -405,8 +401,7 @@ class PlayHTTTSService(InterruptibleTTSService):
             yield None
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
 
 
 class PlayHTHttpTTSService(TTSService):
@@ -626,8 +621,7 @@ class PlayHTHttpTTSService(TTSService):
                             yield frame
 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{self} exception: {e}")
-            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"{self} error: {e}")
+            yield ErrorFrame(error=f"Unknown error occurred: {e}")
         finally:
             await self.stop_ttfb_metrics()
             yield TTSStoppedFrame()