Add DashScope ASR model support and enhance related components

- Introduced DashScope as a new ASR model in the database initialization.
- Updated ASRModel schema to include vendor information.
- Enhanced ASR router to support DashScope-specific functionality, including connection testing and preview capabilities.
- Modified frontend components to accommodate DashScope as a selectable vendor with appropriate default settings.
- Added tests to validate DashScope ASR model creation, updates, and connectivity.
- Updated backend API to handle DashScope-specific base URLs and vendor normalization.

api/app/routers/asr.py

@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
+import asyncio
+import base64
+import io
+import json
 import os
+import sys
+import threading
 import time
-from typing import List, Optional
+import wave
+from array import array
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
 import httpx
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, File, Form, HTTPException, UploadFile
@@ -17,6 +25,32 @@ from ..schemas import (
 router = APIRouter(prefix="/asr", tags=["ASR Models"])
 
 OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_ASR_MODEL = "FunAudioLLM/SenseVoiceSmall"
+DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_ASR_MODEL = "qwen3-asr-flash-realtime"
+DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL = "wss://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/api-ws/v1/realtime"
+
+try:
+    import dashscope
+    from dashscope.audio.qwen_omni import MultiModality, OmniRealtimeCallback, OmniRealtimeConversation
+
+    try:
+        from dashscope.audio.qwen_omni import TranscriptionParams
+    except ImportError:
+        from dashscope.audio.qwen_omni.omni_realtime import TranscriptionParams
+
+    DASHSCOPE_SDK_AVAILABLE = True
+    DASHSCOPE_IMPORT_ERROR = ""
+except Exception as exc:
+    dashscope = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    MultiModality = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    OmniRealtimeConversation = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    TranscriptionParams = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    DASHSCOPE_SDK_AVAILABLE = False
+    DASHSCOPE_IMPORT_ERROR = f"{type(exc).__name__}: {exc}"
+
+    class OmniRealtimeCallback:  # type: ignore[no-redef]
+        """Fallback callback base when DashScope SDK is unavailable."""
+
+        pass
 
 
 def _is_openai_compatible_vendor(vendor: str) -> bool:
@@ -29,12 +63,377 @@ def _is_openai_compatible_vendor(vendor: str) -> bool:
     }
 
 
+def _is_dashscope_vendor(vendor: str) -> bool:
+    return (vendor or "").strip().lower() == "dashscope"
+
+
 def _default_asr_model(vendor: str) -> str:
     if _is_openai_compatible_vendor(vendor):
         return OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_ASR_MODEL
+    if _is_dashscope_vendor(vendor):
+        return DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_ASR_MODEL
     return "whisper-1"
 
 
+def _dashscope_language(language: Optional[str]) -> Optional[str]:
+    normalized = (language or "").strip().lower()
+    if not normalized or normalized in {"multi-lingual", "multilingual", "multi_lingual", "auto"}:
+        return None
+    if normalized.startswith("zh"):
+        return "zh"
+    if normalized.startswith("en"):
+        return "en"
+    return normalized
+
+
+class _DashScopePreviewCallback(OmniRealtimeCallback):
+    """Collect DashScope ASR websocket events for preview/test flows."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self._open_event = threading.Event()
+        self._session_ready_event = threading.Event()
+        self._done_event = threading.Event()
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+        self._final_text = ""
+        self._last_interim_text = ""
+        self._error_message: Optional[str] = None
+
+    def on_open(self) -> None:
+        self._open_event.set()
+
+    def on_close(self, code: int, reason: str) -> None:
+        if self._done_event.is_set():
+            return
+        self._error_message = f"DashScope websocket closed unexpectedly: {code} {reason}"
+        self._done_event.set()
+        self._session_ready_event.set()
+
+    def on_error(self, message: Any) -> None:
+        self._error_message = str(message)
+        self._done_event.set()
+        self._session_ready_event.set()
+
+    def on_event(self, response: Any) -> None:
+        payload = _coerce_dashscope_event(response)
+        event_type = str(payload.get("type") or "").strip()
+        if not event_type:
+            return
+
+        if event_type in {"session.created", "session.updated"}:
+            self._session_ready_event.set()
+            return
+
+        if event_type == "error" or event_type.endswith(".failed"):
+            self._error_message = _format_dashscope_error_event(payload)
+            self._done_event.set()
+            self._session_ready_event.set()
+            return
+
+        if event_type == "conversation.item.input_audio_transcription.text":
+            interim_text = _extract_dashscope_text(payload, keys=("stash", "text", "transcript"))
+            if interim_text:
+                with self._lock:
+                    self._last_interim_text = interim_text
+            return
+
+        if event_type == "conversation.item.input_audio_transcription.completed":
+            final_text = _extract_dashscope_text(payload, keys=("transcript", "text", "stash"))
+            with self._lock:
+                if final_text:
+                    self._final_text = final_text
+            self._done_event.set()
+            return
+
+        if event_type in {"response.done", "session.finished"}:
+            self._done_event.set()
+
+    def wait_for_open(self, timeout: float = 10.0) -> None:
+        if not self._open_event.wait(timeout):
+            raise TimeoutError("DashScope websocket open timeout")
+
+    def wait_for_session_ready(self, timeout: float = 6.0) -> bool:
+        return self._session_ready_event.wait(timeout)
+
+    def wait_for_done(self, timeout: float = 20.0) -> None:
+        if not self._done_event.wait(timeout):
+            raise TimeoutError("DashScope transcription timeout")
+
+    def raise_if_error(self) -> None:
+        if self._error_message:
+            raise RuntimeError(self._error_message)
+
+    def read_text(self) -> str:
+        with self._lock:
+            return self._final_text or self._last_interim_text
+
+
+def _coerce_dashscope_event(response: Any) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    if isinstance(response, dict):
+        return response
+    if isinstance(response, str):
+        try:
+            parsed = json.loads(response)
+            if isinstance(parsed, dict):
+                return parsed
+        except json.JSONDecodeError:
+            pass
+    return {"type": "raw", "message": str(response)}
+
+
+def _format_dashscope_error_event(payload: Dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+    error = payload.get("error")
+    if isinstance(error, dict):
+        code = str(error.get("code") or "").strip()
+        message = str(error.get("message") or "").strip()
+        if code and message:
+            return f"{code}: {message}"
+        return message or str(error)
+    return str(error or "DashScope realtime ASR error")
+
+
+def _extract_dashscope_text(payload: Dict[str, Any], *, keys: Tuple[str, ...]) -> str:
+    for key in keys:
+        value = payload.get(key)
+        if isinstance(value, str) and value.strip():
+            return value.strip()
+        if isinstance(value, dict):
+            nested = _extract_dashscope_text(value, keys=keys)
+            if nested:
+                return nested
+
+    for value in payload.values():
+        if isinstance(value, dict):
+            nested = _extract_dashscope_text(value, keys=keys)
+            if nested:
+                return nested
+    return ""
+
+
+def _create_dashscope_realtime_client(
+    *,
+    model: str,
+    callback: _DashScopePreviewCallback,
+    url: str,
+    api_key: str,
+) -> Any:
+    if OmniRealtimeConversation is None:
+        raise RuntimeError("DashScope SDK unavailable")
+
+    init_kwargs = {
+        "model": model,
+        "callback": callback,
+        "url": url,
+    }
+    try:
+        return OmniRealtimeConversation(api_key=api_key, **init_kwargs)  # type: ignore[misc]
+    except TypeError as exc:
+        if "api_key" not in str(exc):
+            raise
+        return OmniRealtimeConversation(**init_kwargs)  # type: ignore[misc]
+
+
+def _close_dashscope_client(client: Any) -> None:
+    finish_fn = getattr(client, "finish", None)
+    if callable(finish_fn):
+        try:
+            finish_fn()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    close_fn = getattr(client, "close", None)
+    if callable(close_fn):
+        try:
+            close_fn()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+def _configure_dashscope_session(
+    *,
+    client: Any,
+    callback: _DashScopePreviewCallback,
+    sample_rate: int,
+    language: Optional[str],
+) -> None:
+    update_fn = getattr(client, "update_session", None)
+    if not callable(update_fn):
+        raise RuntimeError("DashScope ASR SDK missing update_session method")
+
+    text_modality: Any = "text"
+    if MultiModality is not None and hasattr(MultiModality, "TEXT"):
+        text_modality = MultiModality.TEXT
+
+    transcription_params: Optional[Any] = None
+    language_hint = _dashscope_language(language)
+    if TranscriptionParams is not None:
+        try:
+            params_kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = {
+                "sample_rate": sample_rate,
+                "input_audio_format": "pcm",
+            }
+            if language_hint:
+                params_kwargs["language"] = language_hint
+            transcription_params = TranscriptionParams(**params_kwargs)
+        except Exception:
+            transcription_params = None
+
+    update_attempts = [
+        {
+            "output_modalities": [text_modality],
+            "enable_turn_detection": False,
+            "enable_input_audio_transcription": True,
+            "transcription_params": transcription_params,
+        },
+        {
+            "output_modalities": [text_modality],
+            "enable_turn_detection": False,
+            "enable_input_audio_transcription": True,
+        },
+        {
+            "output_modalities": [text_modality],
+        },
+    ]
+
+    last_error: Optional[Exception] = None
+    for params in update_attempts:
+        if params.get("transcription_params") is None:
+            params = {key: value for key, value in params.items() if key != "transcription_params"}
+        try:
+            update_fn(**params)
+            callback.wait_for_session_ready()
+            callback.raise_if_error()
+            return
+        except TypeError as exc:
+            last_error = exc
+            continue
+        except Exception as exc:
+            last_error = exc
+            continue
+
+    raise RuntimeError(f"DashScope ASR session.update failed: {last_error}")
+
+
+def _load_wav_pcm16_mono(audio_bytes: bytes) -> Tuple[bytes, int]:
+    try:
+        with wave.open(io.BytesIO(audio_bytes), "rb") as wav_file:
+            channel_count = wav_file.getnchannels()
+            sample_width = wav_file.getsampwidth()
+            sample_rate = wav_file.getframerate()
+            compression = wav_file.getcomptype()
+            pcm_frames = wav_file.readframes(wav_file.getnframes())
+    except wave.Error as exc:
+        raise RuntimeError("DashScope preview currently supports WAV audio. Record in browser or upload a .wav file.") from exc
+
+    if compression != "NONE":
+        raise RuntimeError("DashScope preview requires uncompressed PCM WAV audio.")
+    if sample_width != 2:
+        raise RuntimeError("DashScope preview requires 16-bit PCM WAV audio.")
+    if not pcm_frames:
+        raise RuntimeError("Uploaded WAV file is empty")
+    if channel_count <= 1:
+        return pcm_frames, sample_rate
+
+    samples = array("h")
+    samples.frombytes(pcm_frames)
+    if sys.byteorder == "big":
+        samples.byteswap()
+
+    mono_samples = array(
+        "h",
+        (
+            int(sum(samples[index:index + channel_count]) / channel_count)
+            for index in range(0, len(samples), channel_count)
+        ),
+    )
+    if sys.byteorder == "big":
+        mono_samples.byteswap()
+    return mono_samples.tobytes(), sample_rate
+
+
+def _probe_dashscope_asr_connection(*, api_key: str, base_url: str, model: str, language: Optional[str]) -> None:
+    if not DASHSCOPE_SDK_AVAILABLE:
+        hint = f"`{sys.executable} -m pip install dashscope>=1.25.11`"
+        detail = f"; import error: {DASHSCOPE_IMPORT_ERROR}" if DASHSCOPE_IMPORT_ERROR else ""
+        raise RuntimeError(f"dashscope package not installed; install with {hint}{detail}")
+
+    callback = _DashScopePreviewCallback()
+    if dashscope is not None:
+        dashscope.api_key = api_key
+    client = _create_dashscope_realtime_client(
+        model=model,
+        callback=callback,
+        url=base_url,
+        api_key=api_key,
+    )
+
+    try:
+        client.connect()
+        callback.wait_for_open()
+        _configure_dashscope_session(
+            client=client,
+            callback=callback,
+            sample_rate=16000,
+            language=language,
+        )
+    finally:
+        _close_dashscope_client(client)
+
+
+def _transcribe_dashscope_preview(
+    *,
+    audio_bytes: bytes,
+    api_key: str,
+    base_url: str,
+    model: str,
+    language: Optional[str],
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    if not DASHSCOPE_SDK_AVAILABLE:
+        hint = f"`{sys.executable} -m pip install dashscope>=1.25.11`"
+        detail = f"; import error: {DASHSCOPE_IMPORT_ERROR}" if DASHSCOPE_IMPORT_ERROR else ""
+        raise RuntimeError(f"dashscope package not installed; install with {hint}{detail}")
+
+    pcm_audio, sample_rate = _load_wav_pcm16_mono(audio_bytes)
+    callback = _DashScopePreviewCallback()
+    if dashscope is not None:
+        dashscope.api_key = api_key
+    client = _create_dashscope_realtime_client(
+        model=model,
+        callback=callback,
+        url=base_url,
+        api_key=api_key,
+    )
+
+    try:
+        client.connect()
+        callback.wait_for_open()
+        _configure_dashscope_session(
+            client=client,
+            callback=callback,
+            sample_rate=sample_rate,
+            language=language,
+        )
+
+        append_fn = getattr(client, "append_audio", None)
+        if not callable(append_fn):
+            raise RuntimeError("DashScope ASR SDK missing append_audio method")
+        commit_fn = getattr(client, "commit", None)
+        if not callable(commit_fn):
+            raise RuntimeError("DashScope ASR SDK missing commit method")
+
+        append_fn(base64.b64encode(pcm_audio).decode("ascii"))
+        commit_fn()
+        callback.wait_for_done()
+        callback.raise_if_error()
+        return {
+            "transcript": callback.read_text(),
+            "language": _dashscope_language(language) or "Multi-lingual",
+            "confidence": None,
+        }
+    finally:
+        _close_dashscope_client(client)
+
+
 # ============ ASR Models CRUD ============
 @router.get("")
 def list_asr_models(
@@ -132,6 +531,27 @@ def test_asr_model(
     start_time = time.time()
 
     try:
+        if _is_dashscope_vendor(model.vendor):
+            effective_api_key = (model.api_key or "").strip() or os.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY", "").strip() or os.getenv("ASR_API_KEY", "").strip()
+            if not effective_api_key:
+                return ASRTestResponse(success=False, error=f"API key is required for ASR model: {model.name}")
+
+            base_url = (model.base_url or "").strip() or DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL
+            selected_model = (model.model_name or "").strip() or _default_asr_model(model.vendor)
+            _probe_dashscope_asr_connection(
+                api_key=effective_api_key,
+                base_url=base_url,
+                model=selected_model,
+                language=model.language,
+            )
+            latency_ms = int((time.time() - start_time) * 1000)
+            return ASRTestResponse(
+                success=True,
+                language=model.language,
+                latency_ms=latency_ms,
+                message="DashScope realtime ASR connected",
+            )
+
         # 连接性测试优先，避免依赖真实音频输入
         headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {model.api_key}"}
         with httpx.Client(timeout=60.0) as client:
@@ -246,7 +666,7 @@ async def preview_asr_model(
     api_key: Optional[str] = Form(None),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ):
-    """预览 ASR：上传音频并调用 OpenAI-compatible /audio/transcriptions。"""
+    """预览 ASR：根据供应商调用 OpenAI-compatible 或 DashScope 实时识别。"""
     model = db.query(ASRModel).filter(ASRModel.id == id).first()
     if not model:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="ASR Model not found")
@@ -264,18 +684,50 @@ async def preview_asr_model(
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Uploaded audio file is empty")
 
     effective_api_key = (api_key or "").strip() or (model.api_key or "").strip()
-    if not effective_api_key and _is_openai_compatible_vendor(model.vendor):
+    if not effective_api_key:
-        effective_api_key = os.getenv("SILICONFLOW_API_KEY", "").strip()
+        if _is_openai_compatible_vendor(model.vendor):
+            effective_api_key = os.getenv("SILICONFLOW_API_KEY", "").strip()
+        elif _is_dashscope_vendor(model.vendor):
+            effective_api_key = os.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY", "").strip() or os.getenv("ASR_API_KEY", "").strip()
     if not effective_api_key:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"API key is required for ASR model: {model.name}")
 
     base_url = (model.base_url or "").strip().rstrip("/")
+    if _is_dashscope_vendor(model.vendor) and not base_url:
+        base_url = DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL
     if not base_url:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"Base URL is required for ASR model: {model.name}")
 
     selected_model = (model.model_name or "").strip() or _default_asr_model(model.vendor)
-    data = {"model": selected_model}
     effective_language = (language or "").strip() or None
+
+    start_time = time.time()
+    if _is_dashscope_vendor(model.vendor):
+        try:
+            payload = await asyncio.to_thread(
+                _transcribe_dashscope_preview,
+                audio_bytes=audio_bytes,
+                api_key=effective_api_key,
+                base_url=base_url,
+                model=selected_model,
+                language=effective_language or model.language,
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=502, detail=f"DashScope ASR request failed: {exc}") from exc
+
+        transcript = str(payload.get("transcript") or "")
+        response_language = str(payload.get("language") or effective_language or model.language)
+        latency_ms = int((time.time() - start_time) * 1000)
+        return ASRTestResponse(
+            success=bool(transcript),
+            transcript=transcript,
+            language=response_language,
+            confidence=None,
+            latency_ms=latency_ms,
+            message=None if transcript else "No transcript in response",
+        )
+
+    data = {"model": selected_model}
     if effective_language:
         data["language"] = effective_language
     if model.hotwords:
@@ -284,7 +736,6 @@ async def preview_asr_model(
     headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {effective_api_key}"}
     files = {"file": (filename, audio_bytes, content_type)}
 
-    start_time = time.time()
     try:
         with httpx.Client(timeout=90.0) as client:
             response = client.post(

api/app/schemas.py

@@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ class ASRModelCreate(ASRModelBase):
 
 class ASRModelUpdate(BaseModel):
     name: Optional[str] = None
+    vendor: Optional[str] = None
     language: Optional[str] = None
     base_url: Optional[str] = None
     api_key: Optional[str] = None

api/init_db.py

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ SEED_LLM_IDS = {
 SEED_ASR_IDS = {
     "sensevoice_small": short_id("asr"),
     "telespeech_asr": short_id("asr"),
+    "dashscope_realtime": short_id("asr"),
 }
 
 SEED_ASSISTANT_IDS = {
@@ -408,6 +409,20 @@ def init_default_asr_models():
                 enable_normalization=True,
                 enabled=True,
             ),
+            ASRModel(
+                id=SEED_ASR_IDS["dashscope_realtime"],
+                user_id=1,
+                name="DashScope Realtime ASR",
+                vendor="DashScope",
+                language="Multi-lingual",
+                base_url=DASHSCOPE_REALTIME_URL,
+                api_key="YOUR_API_KEY",
+                model_name="qwen3-asr-flash-realtime",
+                hotwords=[],
+                enable_punctuation=True,
+                enable_normalization=True,
+                enabled=True,
+            ),
         ]
         seed_if_empty(db, ASRModel, asr_models, "✅ 默认ASR模型已初始化")
 

api/tests/test_asr.py

@@ -1,8 +1,21 @@
 """Tests for ASR Model API endpoints"""
+import io
+import wave
+
 import pytest
 from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock
 
 
+def _make_wav_bytes(sample_rate: int = 16000) -> bytes:
+    with io.BytesIO() as buffer:
+        with wave.open(buffer, "wb") as wav_file:
+            wav_file.setnchannels(1)
+            wav_file.setsampwidth(2)
+            wav_file.setframerate(sample_rate)
+            wav_file.writeframes(b"\x00\x00" * sample_rate)
+        return buffer.getvalue()
+
+
 class TestASRModelAPI:
     """Test cases for ASR Model endpoints"""
 
@@ -75,6 +88,24 @@ class TestASRModelAPI:
         assert data["language"] == "en"
         assert data["enable_punctuation"] == False
 
+    def test_update_asr_model_vendor(self, client, sample_asr_model_data):
+        """Test updating ASR vendor metadata."""
+        create_response = client.post("/api/asr", json=sample_asr_model_data)
+        model_id = create_response.json()["id"]
+
+        response = client.put(
+            f"/api/asr/{model_id}",
+            json={
+                "vendor": "DashScope",
+                "model_name": "qwen3-asr-flash-realtime",
+                "base_url": "wss://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/api-ws/v1/realtime",
+            },
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data["vendor"] == "DashScope"
+        assert data["model_name"] == "qwen3-asr-flash-realtime"
+
     def test_delete_asr_model(self, client, sample_asr_model_data):
         """Test deleting an ASR model"""
         # Create first
@@ -234,6 +265,28 @@ class TestASRModelAPI:
             response = client.post(f"/api/asr/{model_id}/test")
             assert response.status_code == 200
 
+    def test_test_asr_model_dashscope(self, client, sample_asr_model_data, monkeypatch):
+        """Test DashScope ASR connectivity probe."""
+        from app.routers import asr as asr_router
+
+        sample_asr_model_data["vendor"] = "DashScope"
+        sample_asr_model_data["base_url"] = "wss://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/api-ws/v1/realtime"
+        sample_asr_model_data["model_name"] = "qwen3-asr-flash-realtime"
+        create_response = client.post("/api/asr", json=sample_asr_model_data)
+        model_id = create_response.json()["id"]
+
+        def fake_probe(**kwargs):
+            assert kwargs["api_key"] == sample_asr_model_data["api_key"]
+            assert kwargs["model"] == "qwen3-asr-flash-realtime"
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(asr_router, "_probe_dashscope_asr_connection", fake_probe)
+
+        response = client.post(f"/api/asr/{model_id}/test")
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data["success"] is True
+        assert data["message"] == "DashScope realtime ASR connected"
+
     @patch('httpx.Client')
     def test_test_asr_model_failure(self, mock_client_class, client, sample_asr_model_data):
         """Test testing an ASR model with failed connection"""
@@ -274,7 +327,7 @@ class TestASRModelAPI:
 
     def test_different_asr_vendors(self, client):
         """Test creating ASR models with different vendors"""
-        vendors = ["SiliconFlow", "OpenAI", "Azure"]
+        vendors = ["SiliconFlow", "OpenAI", "Azure", "DashScope"]
         for vendor in vendors:
             data = {
                 "id": f"asr-vendor-{vendor.lower()}",
@@ -345,3 +398,33 @@ class TestASRModelAPI:
         )
         assert response.status_code == 400
         assert "Only audio files are supported" in response.text
+
+    def test_preview_asr_model_dashscope(self, client, sample_asr_model_data, monkeypatch):
+        """Test ASR preview endpoint with DashScope realtime helper."""
+        from app.routers import asr as asr_router
+
+        sample_asr_model_data["vendor"] = "DashScope"
+        sample_asr_model_data["base_url"] = "wss://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/api-ws/v1/realtime"
+        sample_asr_model_data["model_name"] = "qwen3-asr-flash-realtime"
+        create_response = client.post("/api/asr", json=sample_asr_model_data)
+        model_id = create_response.json()["id"]
+
+        def fake_preview(**kwargs):
+            assert kwargs["base_url"] == sample_asr_model_data["base_url"]
+            assert kwargs["model"] == sample_asr_model_data["model_name"]
+            return {
+                "transcript": "你好，这是实时识别",
+                "language": "zh",
+                "confidence": None,
+            }
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(asr_router, "_transcribe_dashscope_preview", fake_preview)
+
+        response = client.post(
+            f"/api/asr/{model_id}/preview",
+            files={"file": ("sample.wav", _make_wav_bytes(), "audio/wav")},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        payload = response.json()
+        assert payload["success"] is True
+        assert payload["transcript"] == "你好，这是实时识别"

web/pages/ASRLibrary.tsx

@@ -82,6 +82,16 @@ const convertRecordedBlobToWav = async (blob: Blob): Promise<File> => {
   }
 };
 
+const OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_MODEL = 'FunAudioLLM/SenseVoiceSmall';
+const OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL = 'https://api.siliconflow.cn/v1';
+const DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_MODEL = 'qwen3-asr-flash-realtime';
+const DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL = 'wss://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/api-ws/v1/realtime';
+
+type ASRVendor = 'OpenAI Compatible' | 'DashScope';
+
+const normalizeVendor = (value?: string): ASRVendor =>
+  String(value || '').trim().toLowerCase() === 'dashscope' ? 'DashScope' : 'OpenAI Compatible';
+
 export const ASRLibraryPage: React.FC = () => {
   const [models, setModels] = useState<ASRModel[]>([]);
   const [searchTerm, setSearchTerm] = useState('');
@@ -271,10 +281,10 @@ const ASRModelModal: React.FC<{
   initialModel?: ASRModel;
 }> = ({ isOpen, onClose, onSubmit, initialModel }) => {
   const [name, setName] = useState('');
-  const [vendor, setVendor] = useState('OpenAI Compatible');
+  const [vendor, setVendor] = useState<ASRVendor>('OpenAI Compatible');
   const [language, setLanguage] = useState('zh');
-  const [modelName, setModelName] = useState('FunAudioLLM/SenseVoiceSmall');
+  const [modelName, setModelName] = useState(OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_MODEL);
-  const [baseUrl, setBaseUrl] = useState('https://api.siliconflow.cn/v1');
+  const [baseUrl, setBaseUrl] = useState(OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL);
   const [apiKey, setApiKey] = useState('');
   const [hotwords, setHotwords] = useState('');
   const [enablePunctuation, setEnablePunctuation] = useState(true);
@@ -282,14 +292,40 @@ const ASRModelModal: React.FC<{
   const [enabled, setEnabled] = useState(true);
   const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
 
+  const getDefaultModel = (nextVendor: ASRVendor): string =>
+    nextVendor === 'DashScope' ? DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_MODEL : OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_MODEL;
+
+  const getDefaultBaseUrl = (nextVendor: ASRVendor): string =>
+    nextVendor === 'DashScope' ? DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL : OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL;
+
+  const handleVendorChange = (nextVendor: ASRVendor) => {
+    const previousVendor = vendor;
+    setVendor(nextVendor);
+
+    const previousDefaultModel = getDefaultModel(previousVendor);
+    const nextDefaultModel = getDefaultModel(nextVendor);
+    const trimmedModelName = modelName.trim();
+    if (!trimmedModelName || trimmedModelName === previousDefaultModel) {
+      setModelName(nextDefaultModel);
+    }
+
+    const previousDefaultBaseUrl = getDefaultBaseUrl(previousVendor);
+    const nextDefaultBaseUrl = getDefaultBaseUrl(nextVendor);
+    const trimmedBaseUrl = baseUrl.trim();
+    if (!trimmedBaseUrl || trimmedBaseUrl === previousDefaultBaseUrl) {
+      setBaseUrl(nextDefaultBaseUrl);
+    }
+  };
+
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!isOpen) return;
     if (initialModel) {
+      const nextVendor = normalizeVendor(initialModel.vendor);
       setName(initialModel.name || '');
-      setVendor(initialModel.vendor || 'OpenAI Compatible');
+      setVendor(nextVendor);
       setLanguage(initialModel.language || 'zh');
-      setModelName(initialModel.modelName || 'FunAudioLLM/SenseVoiceSmall');
+      setModelName(initialModel.modelName || getDefaultModel(nextVendor));
-      setBaseUrl(initialModel.baseUrl || 'https://api.siliconflow.cn/v1');
+      setBaseUrl(initialModel.baseUrl || getDefaultBaseUrl(nextVendor));
       setApiKey(initialModel.apiKey || '');
       setHotwords(toHotwordsValue(initialModel.hotwords));
       setEnablePunctuation(initialModel.enablePunctuation ?? true);
@@ -301,8 +337,8 @@ const ASRModelModal: React.FC<{
     setName('');
     setVendor('OpenAI Compatible');
     setLanguage('zh');
-    setModelName('FunAudioLLM/SenseVoiceSmall');
+    setModelName(OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_MODEL);
-    setBaseUrl('https://api.siliconflow.cn/v1');
+    setBaseUrl(OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL);
     setApiKey('');
     setHotwords('');
     setEnablePunctuation(true);
@@ -368,9 +404,10 @@ const ASRModelModal: React.FC<{
             <label className="text-[10px] font-black text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-widest block">接口类型</label>
             <Select
               value={vendor}
-              onChange={(e) => setVendor(e.target.value)}
+              onChange={(e) => handleVendorChange(e.target.value as ASRVendor)}
             >
               <option value="OpenAI Compatible">OpenAI Compatible</option>
+              <option value="DashScope">DashScope</option>
             </Select>
           </div>
           <div className="space-y-1.5">
@@ -388,13 +425,22 @@ const ASRModelModal: React.FC<{
 
         <div className="space-y-1.5">
           <label className="text-[10px] font-black text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-widest block">Model Name</label>
-          <Input value={modelName} onChange={(e) => setModelName(e.target.value)} placeholder="FunAudioLLM/SenseVoiceSmall" />
+          <Input
+            value={modelName}
+            onChange={(e) => setModelName(e.target.value)}
+            placeholder={vendor === 'DashScope' ? DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_MODEL : OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_MODEL}
+          />
         </div>
 
         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
           <div className="space-y-1.5">
             <label className="text-[10px] font-black text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-widest block flex items-center"><Server className="w-3 h-3 mr-1.5" />Base URL</label>
-            <Input value={baseUrl} onChange={(e) => setBaseUrl(e.target.value)} placeholder="https://api.siliconflow.cn/v1" className="font-mono text-xs" />
+            <Input
+              value={baseUrl}
+              onChange={(e) => setBaseUrl(e.target.value)}
+              placeholder={vendor === 'DashScope' ? DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL : OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_BASE_URL}
+              className="font-mono text-xs"
+            />
           </div>
           <div className="space-y-1.5">
             <label className="text-[10px] font-black text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-widest block flex items-center"><Key className="w-3 h-3 mr-1.5" />API Key</label>
@@ -405,6 +451,11 @@ const ASRModelModal: React.FC<{
         <div className="space-y-1.5">
           <label className="text-[10px] font-black text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-widest block">热词 (comma separated)</label>
           <Input value={hotwords} onChange={(e) => setHotwords(e.target.value)} placeholder="品牌名, 人名, 专有词" />
+          {vendor === 'DashScope' && (
+            <p className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
+              DashScope 走实时 WebSocket ASR。预览建议使用浏览器录音或上传 WAV 文件。
+            </p>
+          )}
         </div>
 
         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-2">

web/services/backendApi.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import { apiRequest, getApiBaseUrl } from './apiClient';
 
 type AnyRecord = Record<string, any>;
 const DEFAULT_LIST_LIMIT = 1000;
+const OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_ASR_BASE_URL = 'https://api.siliconflow.cn/v1';
+const DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_ASR_BASE_URL = 'wss://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/api-ws/v1/realtime';
 const TOOL_ID_ALIASES: Record<string, string> = {
   voice_message_prompt: 'voice_msg_prompt',
 };
@@ -129,7 +131,16 @@ const mapVoice = (raw: AnyRecord): Voice => ({
 const mapASRModel = (raw: AnyRecord): ASRModel => ({
   id: String(readField(raw, ['id'], '')),
   name: readField(raw, ['name'], ''),
-  vendor: readField(raw, ['vendor'], 'OpenAI Compatible'),
+  vendor: (() => {
+    const vendor = String(readField(raw, ['vendor'], '')).trim().toLowerCase();
+    if (vendor === 'dashscope') {
+      return 'DashScope';
+    }
+    if (vendor === 'siliconflow' || vendor === 'openai compatible' || vendor === 'openai-compatible' || vendor === '硅基流动') {
+      return 'OpenAI Compatible';
+    }
+    return String(readField(raw, ['vendor'], 'OpenAI Compatible')) || 'OpenAI Compatible';
+  })(),
   language: readField(raw, ['language'], 'zh'),
   baseUrl: readField(raw, ['baseUrl', 'base_url'], ''),
   apiKey: readField(raw, ['apiKey', 'api_key'], ''),
@@ -457,11 +468,16 @@ export const fetchASRModels = async (): Promise<ASRModel[]> => {
 };
 
 export const createASRModel = async (data: Partial<ASRModel>): Promise<ASRModel> => {
+  const vendor = data.vendor || 'OpenAI Compatible';
+  const normalizedVendor = String(vendor).trim().toLowerCase();
+  const defaultBaseUrl = normalizedVendor === 'dashscope'
+    ? DASHSCOPE_DEFAULT_ASR_BASE_URL
+    : OPENAI_COMPATIBLE_DEFAULT_ASR_BASE_URL;
   const payload = {
     name: data.name || 'New ASR Model',
-    vendor: data.vendor || 'OpenAI Compatible',
+    vendor,
     language: data.language || 'zh',
-    base_url: data.baseUrl || 'https://api.siliconflow.cn/v1',
+    base_url: data.baseUrl || defaultBaseUrl,
     api_key: data.apiKey || '',
     model_name: data.modelName || undefined,
     hotwords: data.hotwords || [],